鸭蛋用性状的分子标记研究
发布时间：2019-01-06 18:19
【摘要】：我国鸭品种资源丰富,鸭蛋与鸭肉生产与消费量大,但是地方鸭品种产蛋性能低,不能满足市场需求。产蛋性能属于低遗传力性状,通过常规的育种方法改进速度较慢,分子标记辅助选择为加快畜禽性状的遗传改良提供了新的方法。本研究以连城白鸭和白改鸭杂交的第二世代群体为实验材料,以繁殖生长轴上GnIH、GnIHR、MTNR1A、MTNR1B和OTX2为候选基因,采用PCR-RFLP方法对候选基因进行多态性检测,并分析各位点与鸭的产蛋性状和蛋品质性状的相关性。主要研究结果如下:1、在GnIH基因中发现了5个引起酶切位点改变的SNP,其中上游5’端-1325GC位点与蛋壳强度和蛋形指数显著相关(P0.05);内含子1的1799AG位点与开产体重、开产日龄、240天产蛋量、显著相关(P0.05);外显子2的2041CT位点与开产体重、开产日龄、显著相关(P0.05);基因下游的3328GA与开产日龄、150天产蛋数极显著相关(P0.01),与180天至300天产蛋数显著相关(P0.05),且该位点在突变后出现了调节发育的转录因子CDP CR1。2、GnIHR基因-40AG位位点与210天、240天、330天产蛋数显著相关(P0.05);113GA位点与开产日龄、210天至360天产蛋数显著相关(P0.05);2676TC位点与120天产蛋数、极显著相关(P0.01),与开产体重、开产日龄、150天至240天产蛋数显著相关(P0.05),1587TC和1838CT均与产蛋性状和蛋品质性状没有显著关联(P0.05)。3、MTNR1A基因外显子3中3887AG位点与510天产蛋数极显著相关(P0.01),与480天产蛋数、蛋壳强度显著相关(P0.05),314AG、809GC、1935TC位点均与各产蛋性状和蛋品质性状没有显著关联(P0.05)。4、MTNR1B基因内含子1的112CG位点与哈氏单位显著相关(P0.05);内含子2的34093AG位点与开产日龄、150天、180天产蛋数、蛋形指数显著相关(P0.05),35602AC、35782GA位点均与各产蛋性状和蛋品质性状没有显著关联(P0.05)。5、OTX2基因内含子2的1796TA位点与开产日龄、开产蛋重、蛋壳强度显著相关(P0.05);内含子2的2036AG位点与开产日龄极显著相关(P0.01),与开产蛋重显著相关(P0.05);内含子2的2083GA位点与开产日龄极显著相关(P0.01),与开产蛋重、210天、240天产蛋数显著相关(P0.05);第三外显子中的2980TA位点与蛋壳强度显著相关(P0.05);3’UTR区的3016GA位点与开产日龄、蛋壳强度、哈氏单位显著相关(P0.05)。6、两个基因的联合分析发现:GnIH基因的3328GA位点与OTX2基因的2083GA位点联合作用与开产日龄显著相关(P0.05),优势基因型组合为AA-GG,OTX2基因的2036AG位点与GnIHR基因的113GA位点和OTX2基因的2083GA位点与GnIHR基因的113GA位点联合作用与开产日龄极显著相关(P0.01),优势基因型组合分别为AA-GG和GG-GG。MTNR1B的34093AG与GnIHR基因113GA位点联合作用与开产体重显著相关(P0.05),OTX2基因的2036AG位点与MTNR1B基因的34093AG位点联合作用与开产蛋重显著相关(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:Duck breeds in China are rich in resources, the production and consumption of duck eggs and duck meat are large, but the laying performance of local duck breeds is low, which can not meet the market demand. The egg laying performance is a low heritability trait, and the improvement speed is slow through the conventional breeding method. The molecular marker-assisted selection provides a new method for accelerating the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry traits. In this study, the second generation population of Liancheng White Duck and White modified Duck were used as experimental materials, GnIH,GnIHR,MTNR1A,MTNR1B and OTX2 on reproductive growth axis were used as candidate genes, and PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the polymorphism of candidate genes. The correlation between each spot and laying traits and egg quality traits of duck was analyzed. The main results were as follows: 1. Five SNP, sites were found in the GnIH gene, in which the upstream 5 '-end 1325GC sites were significantly correlated with eggshell strength and egg shape index (P0.05); The 1799AG locus of intron 1 was significantly correlated with the birth weight, the first day of production and the number of eggs produced on day 240 (P0.05), while the 2041CT locus of exon 2 was significantly correlated with the birth weight and the age of the first day (P0.05). The 3328GA downstream of the gene was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on the first day, 150 days (P0.01), and the number of eggs laid from 180 days to 300 days (P0.05), and the transcription factor CDP CR1.2, which regulated the development of the locus, appeared after the mutation. The GnIHR gene 40AG locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on 210d, 240d and 330d (P0.05). The 113GA locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid from 210d to 360d (P0.05). The 2676TC locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid at 120th day (P0.01), with the body weight, the age of the first day and the number of eggs laid from 150d to 240d (P0.05). 1587TC and 1838CT were not significantly correlated with egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). 3The 3887AG locus in exon 3 of the MTNR1A gene was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on 510 days (P0.01), and with the number of eggs laid on 480 days. The eggshell strength was significantly correlated (P0.05), while the 314AGN 809GC1 1935TC locus was not significantly correlated with the egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). 4 the 112CG locus of intron 1 of MTNR1B gene was significantly correlated with the Hardy units (P0.05). The 34093AG loci of intron 2 were significantly correlated with egg number, egg shape index and egg shape index (P0.05) on the first day, 150d, 180d, respectively (P0.05), but there was no significant correlation between 35602ACAC 35782GA locus and egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). The 1796TA locus of intron 2 of OTX2 gene was significantly correlated with age, egg weight and eggshell strength (P0.05). The 2036AG locus of intron 2 was significantly correlated with the age of the first day (P0.01) and the egg weight (P0.05). The 2083GA locus of intron 2 was significantly correlated with the age of egg production (P0.01), the egg weight of 210d and 240d (P0.05), the 2980TA locus of exon 3 was significantly correlated with eggshell strength (P0.05). The 3016GA locus in the 3'UTR region was significantly correlated with the age of birth, eggshell strength and Hardy unit (P0.05). Combined analysis of two genes showed that the combination of 3328GA site of GnIH gene and 2083GA site of OTX2 gene was significantly related to the age of birth (P0.05), and the dominant genotype combination was AA-GG,. The combination of 2036AG site of OTX2 gene and 113GA site of GnIHR gene, 2083GA site of OTX2 gene and 113GA site of GnIHR gene were significantly correlated with birth age (P0.01). The combination of 34093AG and GnIHR 113GA loci in AA-GG and GG-GG.MTNR1B were significantly correlated with birth weight (P0.05). The combined effect of 2036AG locus of OTX2 gene and 34093AG locus of MTNR1B gene was significantly correlated with egg opening weight (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S834
本文编号：2403153
[Abstract]:Duck breeds in China are rich in resources, the production and consumption of duck eggs and duck meat are large, but the laying performance of local duck breeds is low, which can not meet the market demand. The egg laying performance is a low heritability trait, and the improvement speed is slow through the conventional breeding method. The molecular marker-assisted selection provides a new method for accelerating the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry traits. In this study, the second generation population of Liancheng White Duck and White modified Duck were used as experimental materials, GnIH,GnIHR,MTNR1A,MTNR1B and OTX2 on reproductive growth axis were used as candidate genes, and PCR-RFLP method was used to detect the polymorphism of candidate genes. The correlation between each spot and laying traits and egg quality traits of duck was analyzed. The main results were as follows: 1. Five SNP, sites were found in the GnIH gene, in which the upstream 5 '-end 1325GC sites were significantly correlated with eggshell strength and egg shape index (P0.05); The 1799AG locus of intron 1 was significantly correlated with the birth weight, the first day of production and the number of eggs produced on day 240 (P0.05), while the 2041CT locus of exon 2 was significantly correlated with the birth weight and the age of the first day (P0.05). The 3328GA downstream of the gene was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on the first day, 150 days (P0.01), and the number of eggs laid from 180 days to 300 days (P0.05), and the transcription factor CDP CR1.2, which regulated the development of the locus, appeared after the mutation. The GnIHR gene 40AG locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on 210d, 240d and 330d (P0.05). The 113GA locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid from 210d to 360d (P0.05). The 2676TC locus was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid at 120th day (P0.01), with the body weight, the age of the first day and the number of eggs laid from 150d to 240d (P0.05). 1587TC and 1838CT were not significantly correlated with egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). 3The 3887AG locus in exon 3 of the MTNR1A gene was significantly correlated with the number of eggs laid on 510 days (P0.01), and with the number of eggs laid on 480 days. The eggshell strength was significantly correlated (P0.05), while the 314AGN 809GC1 1935TC locus was not significantly correlated with the egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). 4 the 112CG locus of intron 1 of MTNR1B gene was significantly correlated with the Hardy units (P0.05). The 34093AG loci of intron 2 were significantly correlated with egg number, egg shape index and egg shape index (P0.05) on the first day, 150d, 180d, respectively (P0.05), but there was no significant correlation between 35602ACAC 35782GA locus and egg laying traits and egg quality traits (P0.05). The 1796TA locus of intron 2 of OTX2 gene was significantly correlated with age, egg weight and eggshell strength (P0.05). The 2036AG locus of intron 2 was significantly correlated with the age of the first day (P0.01) and the egg weight (P0.05). The 2083GA locus of intron 2 was significantly correlated with the age of egg production (P0.01), the egg weight of 210d and 240d (P0.05), the 2980TA locus of exon 3 was significantly correlated with eggshell strength (P0.05). The 3016GA locus in the 3'UTR region was significantly correlated with the age of birth, eggshell strength and Hardy unit (P0.05). Combined analysis of two genes showed that the combination of 3328GA site of GnIH gene and 2083GA site of OTX2 gene was significantly related to the age of birth (P0.05), and the dominant genotype combination was AA-GG,. The combination of 2036AG site of OTX2 gene and 113GA site of GnIHR gene, 2083GA site of OTX2 gene and 113GA site of GnIHR gene were significantly correlated with birth age (P0.01). The combination of 34093AG and GnIHR 113GA loci in AA-GG and GG-GG.MTNR1B were significantly correlated with birth weight (P0.05). The combined effect of 2036AG locus of OTX2 gene and 34093AG locus of MTNR1B gene was significantly correlated with egg opening weight (P0.05).
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S834
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