日粮精氨酸的添加对肉鸡先天性免疫和抗氧化能力调节作用的研究
发布时间：2019-01-10 18:45
【摘要】：本论文研究了日粮精氨酸添加对肉鸡先天性免疫功能和抗氧化能力的影响。探讨了精氨酸调节肉鸡免疫功能的机制,为畜禽生产优质肉鸡提供基础数据。同时对精氨酸在肉鸡生产中的合理应用提供重要的理论指导意义。本试验共分为两个部分：试验一探讨了日粮精氨酸的添加对肉鸡先天性免疫功能的影响。本试验选择1日龄爱拔益加(AA)商品肉鸡192只,随机分成4个处理组,每组8个重复,每个重复6只鸡,试验采用单因素完全随机设计,包含4个精氨酸水平(10.0、15.0、20.0、25.0g/kg),分别在第1、14、和21天统计生产性能。于21d采集法氏囊、脾脏、盲肠扁桃体和血清用于实时荧光定量PCR检测、酶联免疫检测以及淋巴细胞分离。本试验结果显示,随着日粮精氨酸的添加极显著提高了(P0.001)肉鸡14d的体重,肉鸡体增重呈现二次曲线增长(P0.001),显著提高了(P0.05)肉鸡14-21d的采食量,料肉比呈现线性下降的趋势(P0.001)。随着日粮精氨酸的添加线性提高了盲肠扁桃体MIP-1β mRNA表达量(P0.001),显著影响了肉鸡盲肠扁桃体IFN-γ mRNA表达量,但是未呈现出线性或二次曲线趋势。低水平(10g/kg)和高水平(25g/kg)精氨酸添加组相比,25g/kg的精氨酸添加显著提高了肉鸡盲肠扁桃体IFN-γ的mRNA表达量。对肉鸡盲肠扁桃体的TLR5 mRNA表达量无显著性差异(P0.05)。随着日粮精氨酸水平的升高,肉鸡脾脏IL-1p的mRNA表达量呈现出二次曲线变化趋势(P=0.015)。同时显著影响了IL-18的mRNA表达量,并呈现出线性和二次曲线变化趋势(P0.05),IL-6的mRNA表达量呈现出二次曲线变化趋势(P0.05)。随着日粮精氨酸水平的提高,IgG和IgM浓度呈现出线性下降趋势(P0.05),血清中IgA浓度未出现显著性差异(P0.05),但随着日粮精氨酸水平的增加,血清IgA浓度呈现上升的趋势。于21d分离法氏囊细胞,进行淋巴细胞分群,细胞增殖,和细胞周期以及细胞凋亡的检测。试验结果表明：随着日粮精氨酸水平的升高,细胞坏死率呈现出线性下降趋势(P0.05),晚期凋亡细胞与坏死细胞比例呈现线性下降趋势(P=0.003),日粮精氨酸的添加显著增加了存活细胞的数量(P0.05),早期凋亡细胞呈现递增趋势(P0.05)。试验二探讨了日粮精氨酸的添加对肉鸡抗氧化能力调节作用的研究。试验设计同试验一。于21d采集肝脏用于过氧化氢酶、溶菌酶、过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛以及谷胱甘肽过氧化氢酶的测定。试验结果表明,随着日粮精氨酸水平的添加,肉鸡肝脏中GSH-Px活力线性增加(P0.05),而日粮精氨酸的添加并未对肉鸡肝脏中MDA含量产生影响,而随着日粮精氨酸水平的升高,肉鸡肝脏中CAT活力线性增加(P=0.07),肝脏中溶菌酶含量出现显著性差异,并随着精氨酸水平的升高溶菌酶含量也随之增加(P=0.001)。然而日粮精氨酸水平的增加并未对肝脏SOD、POD活力产生影响(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加高水平的精氨酸可能潜在的抑制肉鸡的先天性免疫功能,同时日粮精氨酸添加能够增强肉鸡的抗氧化能力。
[Abstract]:The effects of dietary arginine on the innate immune function and the anti-oxidation ability of broiler chickens were studied in this paper. The mechanism of the regulation of the immune function of the broiler chickens was discussed, and the basic data was provided for the production of high-quality broiler chickens. and also provides important theoretical guiding significance for the reasonable application of the arginine in the production of the broiler. The experiment was divided into two parts: one study of the effect of the addition of arginine on the first-day immune function of the broiler. In this study, 192 broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, each group was divided into 4 treatment groups, each group was divided into 4 treatment groups, each group of 6 chickens was designed with single factor, and four arginine levels (10. 0, 15. 0, 20. 0, 25. 0g/ kg) were selected, and the production performance was counted at day 1, 14, and 21, respectively. The bursa of Fabricius, the spleen, the tonsil and the serum of the cecum were collected for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lymphocyte separation. The results showed that, with the increase of dietary arginine (P. 001), the body weight of broiler (P. 001) and body weight of broiler were increased (P 0.001), and the feed intake of 14-21d in broiler was significantly improved (P 0.01), and the ratio of feed to meat decreased linearly (P 0.001). With the addition of day-to-day arginine, the expression of MIP-1 mRNA in the cecum tonsils was increased linearly (P 0.001), and the expression of IFN-1 mRNA in the cecum of the cecum was significantly affected, but there was no linear or quadratic trend. At a low level (10 g/ kg) and a high level (25g/ kg) of the arginine addition group, the addition of 25g/ kg of arginine significantly increased the mRNA expression of the cecum tonsils of the cecum of the broiler. There was no significant difference in the expression of TLR5 mRNA in the cecum tonsils (P0.05). The expression of IL-1p in the spleen of the broiler chickens showed a quadratic curve with the increase of the level of arginine (P = 0.015). At the same time, the mRNA expression of IL-18 was significantly affected, and the change trend of the linear and secondary curve was presented (P0.05), and the expression of IL-6 mRNA in the second curve (P0.05). The concentration of IgG and IgM in serum increased linearly with the increase of the level of arginine (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of IgA in the serum (P0.05). In the isolation of the bursa of Fabricius, the lymphocyte subpopulation, cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were detected. The results showed that with the increase of arginine level, the rate of cell necrosis showed a linear decrease (P <0.05), and the proportion of late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells decreased linearly (P = 0.003), and the addition of day-to-day arginine increased the number of viable cells (P0.05). The early apoptotic cells showed an increasing trend (P0.05). The effect of the addition of arginine on the anti-oxidation ability of broiler chickens was studied in this paper. The test design is the same as the test one. The liver is used for the determination of catalase, lysozyme, peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione catalase at 21d. The results showed that the activity of GSH-Px in the liver of the broiler chickens increased linearly with the addition of the daily ration of arginine (P0.05), while the addition of the day-to-day arginine did not affect the content of MDA in the liver of the broiler. The activity of CAT in the liver of the broiler was increased linearly (P = 0.07), and the content of lysozyme in the liver was significantly different, and the content of lysozyme increased with the increase of the level of arginine (P = 0.001). However, the increase of arginine level did not affect the activity of SOD and POD in the liver (P0.05). To sum up, the addition of high levels of arginine in daily food may potentially inhibit the innate immune function of the broiler, while the addition of dietary arginine can enhance the anti-oxidation ability of the broiler.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5
[Abstract]:The effects of dietary arginine on the innate immune function and the anti-oxidation ability of broiler chickens were studied in this paper. The mechanism of the regulation of the immune function of the broiler chickens was discussed, and the basic data was provided for the production of high-quality broiler chickens. and also provides important theoretical guiding significance for the reasonable application of the arginine in the production of the broiler. The experiment was divided into two parts: one study of the effect of the addition of arginine on the first-day immune function of the broiler. In this study, 192 broilers were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, each group was divided into 4 treatment groups, each group was divided into 4 treatment groups, each group of 6 chickens was designed with single factor, and four arginine levels (10. 0, 15. 0, 20. 0, 25. 0g/ kg) were selected, and the production performance was counted at day 1, 14, and 21, respectively. The bursa of Fabricius, the spleen, the tonsil and the serum of the cecum were collected for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and lymphocyte separation. The results showed that, with the increase of dietary arginine (P. 001), the body weight of broiler (P. 001) and body weight of broiler were increased (P 0.001), and the feed intake of 14-21d in broiler was significantly improved (P 0.01), and the ratio of feed to meat decreased linearly (P 0.001). With the addition of day-to-day arginine, the expression of MIP-1 mRNA in the cecum tonsils was increased linearly (P 0.001), and the expression of IFN-1 mRNA in the cecum of the cecum was significantly affected, but there was no linear or quadratic trend. At a low level (10 g/ kg) and a high level (25g/ kg) of the arginine addition group, the addition of 25g/ kg of arginine significantly increased the mRNA expression of the cecum tonsils of the cecum of the broiler. There was no significant difference in the expression of TLR5 mRNA in the cecum tonsils (P0.05). The expression of IL-1p in the spleen of the broiler chickens showed a quadratic curve with the increase of the level of arginine (P = 0.015). At the same time, the mRNA expression of IL-18 was significantly affected, and the change trend of the linear and secondary curve was presented (P0.05), and the expression of IL-6 mRNA in the second curve (P0.05). The concentration of IgG and IgM in serum increased linearly with the increase of the level of arginine (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the concentration of IgA in the serum (P0.05). In the isolation of the bursa of Fabricius, the lymphocyte subpopulation, cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis were detected. The results showed that with the increase of arginine level, the rate of cell necrosis showed a linear decrease (P <0.05), and the proportion of late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells decreased linearly (P = 0.003), and the addition of day-to-day arginine increased the number of viable cells (P0.05). The early apoptotic cells showed an increasing trend (P0.05). The effect of the addition of arginine on the anti-oxidation ability of broiler chickens was studied in this paper. The test design is the same as the test one. The liver is used for the determination of catalase, lysozyme, peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and glutathione catalase at 21d. The results showed that the activity of GSH-Px in the liver of the broiler chickens increased linearly with the addition of the daily ration of arginine (P0.05), while the addition of the day-to-day arginine did not affect the content of MDA in the liver of the broiler. The activity of CAT in the liver of the broiler was increased linearly (P = 0.07), and the content of lysozyme in the liver was significantly different, and the content of lysozyme increased with the increase of the level of arginine (P = 0.001). However, the increase of arginine level did not affect the activity of SOD and POD in the liver (P0.05). To sum up, the addition of high levels of arginine in daily food may potentially inhibit the innate immune function of the broiler, while the addition of dietary arginine can enhance the anti-oxidation ability of the broiler.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831.5
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