鸡舍气溶胶真菌的种类及浓度动态

发布时间：2019-02-11 09:18

【摘要】：为评估鸡舍空气的卫生质量,用Andersen-6级采样器采集鸡舍空气样本,计算各级培养基的菌落总数,分析真菌气溶胶颗粒大小和浓度,用ITS基因序列分析结合形态学的方法对分离菌株进行鉴定。结果显示:鸡舍气溶胶真菌浓度与季节、养殖模式、日龄和品种有关,其气溶胶真菌浓度在夏季、秋季、冬季和春季由高到低依次为(1.78±0.26)×103,(1.43±0.2 2)×103,(1.31±0.31)×103,(1.06±0.22)×103 CFU/m3。在不同的养殖模式中,地下最高,为(1.50±0.36)×103 CFU/m3;半封闭最低,为(0.98±0.25)×103 CFU/m3;封闭介于两者之间,为(1.04±0.14)×103 CFU/m3。肉鸡舍(3.12±0.48)×103 CFU/m3明显高于蛋鸡舍(0.98±0.11)×103 CFU/m3,并随日龄的增加而提高。在真菌气溶胶颗粒中,C-F级(0.65~4.70μm)颗粒占88%。获得26 703菌落,分离出153个菌株,鉴定出13个属,25种真菌;优势菌属为曲霉菌属(37株)和青霉菌属(44株),占菌落总数的52.93%(81/153);优势菌种为芽枝状枝孢菌(16株)、黑曲霉(15株)、草酸青霉(12株)、黄曲霉(10株)和链格孢(10株)。分离烟曲霉和热带念珠菌2种常见致病菌。这对鸡舍气溶胶真菌浓度、种类和颗粒大小有了一个全面的认识,为评估环境质量奠定基础,对环境卫生控制有指导意义。
[Abstract]:In order to evaluate the hygienic quality of chicken house air, the air samples of chicken house were collected by Andersen-6 sampler, the total number of bacteria in different culture medium was calculated, and the size and concentration of fungal aerosol particles were analyzed. The isolated strains were identified by ITS gene sequence analysis and morphology. The results showed that the concentration of aerosol fungi in chicken house was related to season, breeding model, age and variety. The concentrations of aerosol fungi in summer, autumn, winter and spring were (1.78 卤0.26) 脳 103, (1.43 卤0.22) 脳 10 ~ 3, (1.43 卤0.22) 脳 10 ~ 3, respectively. (1.31 卤0.31) 脳 103, (1.06 卤0.22) 脳 10 ~ 3 CFU/m3. Among the different culture models, the highest underground was (1.50 卤0.36) 脳 10 ~ (3) CFU/m3;, the lowest was (0.98 卤0.25) 脳 10 ~ (3) CFU/m3; between them, and (1.04 卤0.14) 脳 10 ~ (3) CFU/m3.. (3. 12 卤0. 48) 脳 10 ~ 3 CFU/m3 of broilers was significantly higher than that of laying hens (0. 98 卤0. 11) 脳 10 ~ 3 CFU/m3,. In fungal aerosol particles, C-F (0.65 ~ 4.70 渭 m) particles accounted for 88%. A total of 26 703 strains were isolated, 13 genera and 25 species of fungi were identified, the dominant genera were Aspergillus (37) and Penicillium (44), accounting for 52.93% (81 / 153) of the total. The dominant strains were Cladosporium sp. (16), Aspergillus Niger (15), Penicillium oxalate (12), Aspergillus flavus (10) and Alternaria (10). Two common pathogens of Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida tropicalis were isolated. It has a comprehensive understanding of the concentration, species and particle size of aerosol fungi in chicken coop, which lays a foundation for environmental quality assessment and has guiding significance for environmental hygiene control.
【作者单位】：河北工程大学农学院/河北省禽病工程研究中心;
【基金】：河北省科技厅后补助项目
【分类号】：S852.66

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