牦牛和藏羊夏季划区轮牧对高寒草甸3种植物凋落物分解的影响

发布时间：2019-02-13 11:46

【摘要】：为深入理解放牧牦牛和藏羊及放牧强度对青藏高原高寒草地凋落物分解的分异影响,在天祝高寒草甸夏季牧场,采用凋落物袋法研究了牦牛和藏羊轮牧强度对垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、矮生嵩草(Kobresia humilis)和珠芽蓼(Polygonum viviparum)凋落物损失率及碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)含量的影响。结果表明:3种植物凋落物损失率随处理时间的增加和放牧强度的增大均呈增大趋势。处理15个月后,垂穗披碱草、矮生嵩草和珠芽蓼凋落物损失率分别为24.71%~32.70%,30.56%~38.83%和32.27%~42.96%。放牧藏羊草地上的3种凋落物损失率小于牦牛放牧草地。在同一放牧家畜及放牧强度下,垂穗披碱草的损失率显著小于矮生嵩草和珠芽蓼。3种植物凋落物C含量随着放牧强度的增加依次呈降低趋势,C含量大小依次为:垂穗披碱草矮生嵩草珠芽蓼,但C含量的变化大小依次为:垂穗披碱草矮生嵩草珠芽蓼。3种植物凋落物N含量随放牧强度增加呈现降低趋势;随着时间的增加凋落物N呈现先降低再增加后又降低的趋势。随着放牧强度的增加,珠芽蓼凋落物的P含量总体呈降低趋势;随着放牧时间的增加,珠芽蓼凋落物P含量总体呈增加趋势。藏羊和牦牛对P含量的富集均有抑制作用,并且牦牛的抑制作用大于藏羊。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effect of grazing yak, Tibetan sheep and grazing intensity on litter decomposition of alpine grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the grassland of Tianzhu Alpine Meadow in summer was studied. The effects of rotation grazing intensity of yak and Tibetan sheep on the litter loss rates of (Kobresia humilis) and (Polygonum viviparum) of (Elymus nutans), and Polygonum hydropiper (Polygonum viviparum) were studied by using litter bag method. The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were also studied. The results showed that the litter loss rate of three plants tended to increase with the increase of treatment time and grazing intensity. After 15 months treatment, the litter loss rates of Elaeagnus perpendiculata, Kobresia humilis and Polygonum hydropiper were 24.71and 32.7036.56% and 32.277.96%, respectively. The loss rate of three kinds of litter in Tibetan sheep grassland was lower than that in yak pasture. Under the same grazing livestock and grazing intensity, the loss rate of Elaeagnus perpendicularis was significantly lower than that of Kobresia humilis and Polygonum hydropiper. The C content of litter of three plants decreased with the increase of grazing intensity. The order of C content was as follows: Polygonum parvum L., P. humilis L., but the change of C content was as follows: Polygonum parvum L., Kobresia humilis L., and the N content of litter of three plants decreased with the increase of grazing intensity. With the increase of time, litter N decreased first and then increased then decreased. With the increase of grazing intensity, the P content of the litter of Polygonum hydropiper decreased as a whole, and the P content of the litter increased with the increase of grazing time. The accumulation of P in Tibetan sheep and yak was inhibited, and the inhibitory effect of yak was greater than that of Tibetan sheep.
【作者单位】：甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心/甘肃省草业工程实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31360570)资助
【分类号】：S812.8

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