日粮添加硒对围产期奶牛生产性能和氧化应激状态的影响
发布时间：2019-02-22 13:38
【摘要】：为了给围产期奶牛硒添加量的确定提供更全面的理论基础和数据支持,试验选取140头中国荷斯坦奶牛按随机区组设计分为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组,每组5个重复,每个重复7头奶牛。对照组奶牛饲喂基础日粮(硒含量为0.15 mg/kg DM),低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组奶牛在基础日粮中添加Na_2SeO_3至硒含量分别达0.3,0.45,0.6 mg/kg DM,预试期为5 d,正试期从预产前2周至产后4周,测定试验期间采食性能、泌乳性能和血液生化指标、肝脏抗氧化指标和关键基因表达。结果表明:各处理组之间奶牛的干物质摄入量(DMI)和体重变化无显著差异(P0.05)。与对照组相比,中剂量组和高剂量组奶牛的泌乳量分别提高了1.7 kg/d和1.3 kg/d,但差异不显著(P0.05);显著提高了乳蛋白产量(P0.05);显著提高了围产期奶牛血液中总蛋白的浓度(P0.05);显著降低了血液中谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活性(P0.05);显著提高围产期奶牛血液、肝脏和奶中的硒水平(P0.05),同时显著提高了围产期奶牛血液和肝脏的抗氧化能力(P0.05);显著提高了肝脏中细胞型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx1)mRNA的相对表达水平(P0.05),但对磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx4)mRNA的相对表达水平无显著影响(P0.05)。上述指标在中剂量组和高剂量组奶牛之间无显著差异(P0.05)。结果说明围产期奶牛对硒的需求很高,含硒0.15 mg/kg DM的基础日粮无法满足奶牛的需求,此时奶牛的抗氧化能力低,日粮中补充硒达到0.45 mg/kg DM时,奶牛才有较强的抗氧化能力。
[Abstract]:In order to provide more comprehensive theoretical basis and data support for determination of selenium supplementation in perinatal cows, 140 Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group. There were 5 replicates in each group and 7 cows in each group. The dairy cows in the control group were fed basal diet (selenium content was 0. 15 mg/kg DM), low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group added Na_2SeO_3 to selenium content of 0. 3 0. 45 卤0. 6 mg/kg DM,) in the basal diet. The pretest period was 5 days, from 2 weeks to 4 weeks postpartum. The feeding performance, lactation performance, blood biochemical index, liver antioxidant index and key gene expression were measured during the experiment. The results showed that there was no significant difference in dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight among the treatment groups (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the milk yield of the middle dose group and the high dose group increased 1.7 kg/d and 1.3 kg/d, respectively, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the milk protein yield was significantly increased (P0.05). The concentration of total protein in blood of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05), and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) in blood were significantly decreased (P0.05). The levels of selenium in blood, liver and milk of perinatal cows were significantly increased (P0.05), and the antioxidant capacity of blood and liver of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05). The relative expression of cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) mRNA in liver was significantly increased (P0.05), but there was no significant effect on the relative expression of GPx4 mRNA (P0.05). The above indexes had no significant difference between middle dose group and high dose group (P0.05). The results showed that the demand for selenium in perinatal dairy cows was very high, and the basal diet containing 0. 15 mg/kg DM selenium could not meet the demand of dairy cows. The antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was low, and the dietary selenium supplementation reached 0. 45 mg/kg DM. Cows have strong antioxidant ability.
【作者单位】： 湖南农业大学动物科技学院;上海奶牛育种中心有限公司;上海光明荷斯坦牧业有限公司;
【基金】：湖南省重点研发计划经费项目“湖南牛羊高效繁殖综合配套技术研究”(2016NK2171)
【分类号】：S823.5
[Abstract]:In order to provide more comprehensive theoretical basis and data support for determination of selenium supplementation in perinatal cows, 140 Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into control group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group. There were 5 replicates in each group and 7 cows in each group. The dairy cows in the control group were fed basal diet (selenium content was 0. 15 mg/kg DM), low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group added Na_2SeO_3 to selenium content of 0. 3 0. 45 卤0. 6 mg/kg DM,) in the basal diet. The pretest period was 5 days, from 2 weeks to 4 weeks postpartum. The feeding performance, lactation performance, blood biochemical index, liver antioxidant index and key gene expression were measured during the experiment. The results showed that there was no significant difference in dry matter intake (DMI) and body weight among the treatment groups (P0.05). Compared with the control group, the milk yield of the middle dose group and the high dose group increased 1.7 kg/d and 1.3 kg/d, respectively, but the difference was not significant (P0.05), and the milk protein yield was significantly increased (P0.05). The concentration of total protein in blood of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05), and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) in blood were significantly decreased (P0.05). The levels of selenium in blood, liver and milk of perinatal cows were significantly increased (P0.05), and the antioxidant capacity of blood and liver of perinatal cows was significantly increased (P0.05). The relative expression of cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) mRNA in liver was significantly increased (P0.05), but there was no significant effect on the relative expression of GPx4 mRNA (P0.05). The above indexes had no significant difference between middle dose group and high dose group (P0.05). The results showed that the demand for selenium in perinatal dairy cows was very high, and the basal diet containing 0. 15 mg/kg DM selenium could not meet the demand of dairy cows. The antioxidant capacity of dairy cows was low, and the dietary selenium supplementation reached 0. 45 mg/kg DM. Cows have strong antioxidant ability.
【作者单位】： 湖南农业大学动物科技学院;上海奶牛育种中心有限公司;上海光明荷斯坦牧业有限公司;
【基金】：湖南省重点研发计划经费项目“湖南牛羊高效繁殖综合配套技术研究”(2016NK2171)
【分类号】：S823.5
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