光照处理对东北籽鹅血清生殖激素水平和产蛋量的影响

发布时间：2019-02-27 09:29

【摘要】：［背景］籽鹅为北方特有蛋用型鹅种，其优点多价值高数量大，备受人类喜爱。鹅产业作为21世纪朝阳产业促进北方地区经济发展。但籽鹅的生产繁殖具有典型的季节特征，夏季和初秋季节种鹅产蛋率低且鹅雏供应短缺问题十分突出，对市场价格影响较大，因此研究不同光照处理对东北籽鹅血清生殖激素水平和产蛋量的影响，为实现延长籽鹅产蛋周期和实施籽鹅的反季节生产提供重要的实验数据和操作参考。［方法］试验一：选择处于秋冬季非繁殖期的2年龄健康东北籽鹅母鹅180只、公鹅120只，随机分3组。对照组为繁殖季节自然光照（光照时间逐渐延长）；试验组分为短光照（11L:13D）和长光照（15L:9D）处理组。试验二：选择处于春夏季繁殖期的1年龄健康东北籽鹅母鹅1200只、公鹅800只，随机分成4组。对照组给予自然光照；试验组分别给予长光照（15L:9D）、中光照（13L:11D）和短光照（12L:12D）。每隔一周，每组随机选取公鹅母鹅各15只，，翅下采血，制备血清，测定母鹅血清卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）、催乳素（PRL）和公鹅血清睾酮（T）水平，同时记录各组籽鹅的产蛋量。［结果］试验一：非繁殖季节试验结果表明，增加光照时间可显著提高FSH和LH水平和T水平，而PRL水平先明显升高后降低；减少光照时间则显著降低种鹅FSH水平、LH和T水平，PRL水平却显著提高；试验结束时，长光照组鹅的各激素水平均接近繁殖期自然光照组鹅的各激素水平，有产蛋趋势。试验二：繁殖季节试验结果表明，长光照组种鹅FSH和LH水平和T水平显著提高；PRL水平先显著降低后明显升高；短光照组和中光照组种鹅FSH水平、LH和T水平则显著降低，PRL水平显著提高；长光照组种鹅的各激素水平试验期内变化均较其它组鹅变化幅度大，且产蛋后期维持水平时间也久，在试验结束时（9月），各激素水平接近自然光照种鹅繁殖后期的各激素水平（6月），产蛋时间延长，产蛋量增加，产蛋率提高11-12%；短光照、中短光照组激素水平在3-4月接近自然光照组，随后降低，总体产蛋量较自然光照组减少。［结论］由此可见，籽鹅血清生殖激素水平变化受到光照时间的影响，并根据不同光周期呈现不同的变化规律，且光照时间的改变也影响了籽鹅的产蛋周期。因此可以通过光照调控延长籽鹅产蛋周期，提高产蛋量，可实现籽鹅的反季节生产。
[Abstract]:[background] Seeds goose is a kind of egg-type goose that is unique to the north. It has many advantages, high value and large quantity, and is popular among human beings. Goose industry, as a sunrise industry in the 21st century, promotes the economic development of the northern region. However, the production and reproduction of seed geese have typical seasonal characteristics. The laying rate of breeding geese in summer and early autumn is low and the supply shortage of goose chicks is very prominent, which has a great influence on the market price. Therefore, the effects of different light treatments on the levels of serum reproductive hormones and egg production in northeast seeded goose were studied in order to provide important experimental data and operational reference for prolonging the laying cycle of seed goose and implementing the off-season production of seed goose. [methods] experiment 1: 180 two-year-old healthy female geese and 120 male geese in autumn and winter non-breeding period were randomly divided into three groups. The experiment group was divided into two groups: short illumination (11L:13D) and long illumination (15L:9D). Experiment 2: 1200 female geese and 800 male geese were randomly divided into 4 groups, one-year-old healthy Northeast seeded geese in spring and summer breeding period. The control group was given natural light, and the test group was given long light (15L:9D), medium illumination (13L:11D) and short illumination (12L:12D). Every other week, 15 male geese in each group were randomly selected. Blood samples were collected under wings to prepare serum. The serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),) luteinizing hormone (LH),) (PRL) and serum testosterone (T) levels in male geese were measured. At the same time, the egg production of each group of seed geese was recorded. [results] experiment 1: the results of non-reproductive season experiment showed that the levels of FSH, LH and T increased significantly with the increase of light time, while the level of PRL increased at first and then decreased. The levels of FSH, LH, T and PRL in geese were significantly decreased by decreasing light time, and at the end of the experiment, the hormone levels of geese in Changguang group were close to those of natural illumination group in breeding period, and there was a trend of laying eggs in the geese of Changguang group, which was similar to that of natural illumination group at the end of the experiment. Experiment 2: the results of breeding season experiment showed that the levels of FSH, LH and T of geese in Changguang group increased significantly, while the level of PRL decreased significantly at first and then increased significantly. The levels of FSH, LH and T decreased and the level of PRL increased significantly in short and medium light groups. The changes of hormone levels in Changguang group were larger than those in other groups during the test period, and maintained for a long time at the later stage of laying, at the end of the experiment (September). The hormone level was close to the hormone level in the late stage of natural illumination breeding (6 months), the laying time was prolonged, the laying quantity was increased, and the laying rate was increased by 11% / 12%. The hormone level in the short light group was close to that in the natural light group from March to April and then decreased. The total egg production in the short light group was lower than that in the natural light group. [conclusion] it can be seen that the change of serum reproductive hormone level in seed geese is affected by illumination time, and it shows different rule according to different photoperiod, and the change of illumination time also affects the laying cycle of seed goose. Therefore, the production of seed goose can be achieved by prolonging the laying cycle of seed goose by light regulation and increasing the amount of egg production, and realizing the off-season production of seed goose.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S835

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