吉林省种母牛繁殖性状和体尺性状的研究
发布时间：2019-03-05 18:11
【摘要】：吉林省是中国肉牛产业发展最快的省份之一,肉牛产业是吉林省发展最快的畜牧产业。随着中国经济的增长和居民收入水平的提高,日渐增强人均消费能力必定带动肉牛消费需求的增长。受金融危机和饲料价格上涨等因素影响,2010年后吉林省基础母牛存栏量下降和出栏量增长缓慢的形势直接制约了吉林省肉牛产业的发展。提高繁殖母牛的数量和质量是吉林省肉牛产业稳定发展的基础。为相关科研人员、技术人员和养殖者快速并准确地了解吉林省主要品种种母牛繁殖和体尺的现状;并为种母牛进行性状选育提供数据参考,本试验调查研究了吉林省德系西门塔尔牛、延边黄牛和中国草原红牛种母牛的繁殖性状和体尺性状。主要包括以下三个部分:第一部分:采用统计局相关数据统计和文献查阅等方法对2010~2014年肉牛数量、牛肉产量、牛肉消费量和育种情况等世界、国内和吉林省内肉牛产业的现状进行分析,分析结果表明:2011~2014年,世界牛肉总产量和牛肉总消费量显示为上升趋势,肉牛进口数量和肉牛出口数量表现出波动性。2008~2013年,国内呈现出肉牛出栏量增速缓慢,牛肉消费量逐年增高,出口量同比减少,进口量逐年增多的形势。吉林省作为国内肉牛主产区之一,2009年至2013年肉牛存栏量、肉牛出栏量和牛肉产量增长十分缓慢。繁殖性状和生长性状的育种工作是提高肉牛数量和质量的基础,在各国肉牛产业发展中起着重要作用。第二部分:采取现场调查、问卷调查和访谈调查三个方法对吉林省西门塔尔牛、延边黄牛、中国草原红牛种母牛场共2,609头种母牛的繁殖性状和体尺性状进行调查分析。调查结果表明:西门塔尔牛在发育后期平均日增重上可以进行选育提高;延边黄牛在发育前期平均日增重、体高和体斜长上可以进行选育提高;中国草原红牛在繁殖周期、受配率和体尺相对发育程度上可以进行选育提高。第三部分:针对研究结果,对吉林省繁殖母牛的发展提出建议:加强品种推广和改良;加强种母牛繁殖性状和体尺性状的选育;提高繁殖母牛及犊牛的饲养水平;政府继续加以扶持繁殖母牛;社会多单位合作促使肉牛产业现代化。
[Abstract]:Jilin Province is one of the fastest developing provinces of beef cattle industry in China, and beef cattle industry is the fastest growing livestock industry in Jilin Province. With the growth of China's economy and the improvement of the level of residents' income, the increasing consumption capacity per capita is bound to drive the growth of beef cattle consumption demand. Under the influence of the financial crisis and the increase of feed price, the situation that the stock of basic cows in Jilin Province decreased and the output of cattle increased slowly after 2010 directly restricted the development of beef cattle industry in Jilin Province. Improving the quantity and quality of breeding cows is the basis of stable development of beef cattle industry in Jilin Province. For relevant researchers, technicians and breeders to quickly and accurately understand the status of breeding and body size of the main products of cows in Jilin Province; In this experiment, the reproductive and body size traits of Simmental cattle, Yanbian yellow cattle and Chinese steppe red cattle in Jilin Province were investigated and studied. The results were as follows: (1) the results of this experiment were as follows: 1. It mainly includes the following three parts: the first part: using the methods of statistics and literature review of the 2010 / 2014 beef cattle population, beef yield, beef consumption and breeding situation in the world, The present situation of beef cattle industry in China and Jilin Province was analyzed. The results showed that the world total beef production and total beef consumption showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2014, and the import quantity of beef cattle and the quantity of beef cattle export showed volatility. There is a slow growth rate of beef cattle in China, beef consumption is increasing year by year, export volume is reduced, import volume is increasing year by year. Jilin Province is one of the main beef cattle producing areas in China. From 2009 to 2013, the number of beef cattle stored, the number of beef cattle and beef output increased slowly. Breeding of reproductive traits and growth traits is the basis for improving the quantity and quality of beef cattle and plays an important role in the development of beef cattle industry in various countries. In the second part, the reproductive and body size traits of 2609 cows of Simmental cattle, Yanbian yellow cattle and Chinese grassland red cattle farm in Jilin Province were investigated and analyzed by field investigation, questionnaire investigation and interview survey. The results showed that the average daily gain of Simmental cattle could be improved at the later stage of development, and the average daily gain of Yanbian yellow cattle could be improved in the early stage of development, body height and body oblique length. The breeding of Chinese grassland red cattle can be improved in breeding cycle, mating rate and relative development degree of body size. The third part: according to the research results, some suggestions are put forward for the development of breeding cows in Jilin Province: strengthening the popularization and improvement of varieties; strengthening the breeding of breeding traits and body size traits of breeding cows; improving the feeding level of breeding cows and calves, and improving the breeding level of breeding cows and calves. The government continued to support the breeding of cows; multi-unit social cooperation to promote the modernization of beef cattle industry.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823
本文编号：2435160
[Abstract]:Jilin Province is one of the fastest developing provinces of beef cattle industry in China, and beef cattle industry is the fastest growing livestock industry in Jilin Province. With the growth of China's economy and the improvement of the level of residents' income, the increasing consumption capacity per capita is bound to drive the growth of beef cattle consumption demand. Under the influence of the financial crisis and the increase of feed price, the situation that the stock of basic cows in Jilin Province decreased and the output of cattle increased slowly after 2010 directly restricted the development of beef cattle industry in Jilin Province. Improving the quantity and quality of breeding cows is the basis of stable development of beef cattle industry in Jilin Province. For relevant researchers, technicians and breeders to quickly and accurately understand the status of breeding and body size of the main products of cows in Jilin Province; In this experiment, the reproductive and body size traits of Simmental cattle, Yanbian yellow cattle and Chinese steppe red cattle in Jilin Province were investigated and studied. The results were as follows: (1) the results of this experiment were as follows: 1. It mainly includes the following three parts: the first part: using the methods of statistics and literature review of the 2010 / 2014 beef cattle population, beef yield, beef consumption and breeding situation in the world, The present situation of beef cattle industry in China and Jilin Province was analyzed. The results showed that the world total beef production and total beef consumption showed an upward trend from 2011 to 2014, and the import quantity of beef cattle and the quantity of beef cattle export showed volatility. There is a slow growth rate of beef cattle in China, beef consumption is increasing year by year, export volume is reduced, import volume is increasing year by year. Jilin Province is one of the main beef cattle producing areas in China. From 2009 to 2013, the number of beef cattle stored, the number of beef cattle and beef output increased slowly. Breeding of reproductive traits and growth traits is the basis for improving the quantity and quality of beef cattle and plays an important role in the development of beef cattle industry in various countries. In the second part, the reproductive and body size traits of 2609 cows of Simmental cattle, Yanbian yellow cattle and Chinese grassland red cattle farm in Jilin Province were investigated and analyzed by field investigation, questionnaire investigation and interview survey. The results showed that the average daily gain of Simmental cattle could be improved at the later stage of development, and the average daily gain of Yanbian yellow cattle could be improved in the early stage of development, body height and body oblique length. The breeding of Chinese grassland red cattle can be improved in breeding cycle, mating rate and relative development degree of body size. The third part: according to the research results, some suggestions are put forward for the development of breeding cows in Jilin Province: strengthening the popularization and improvement of varieties; strengthening the breeding of breeding traits and body size traits of breeding cows; improving the feeding level of breeding cows and calves, and improving the breeding level of breeding cows and calves. The government continued to support the breeding of cows; multi-unit social cooperation to promote the modernization of beef cattle industry.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前4条
1 吴健;张国梁;刘基伟;毛学礼;霍长宽;胡春喜;胡成华;;吉林省中国草原红牛培育及选育提高进程[J];中国畜牧兽医;2008年11期
2 付殿国;吴健;张嘉保;王英明;;吉林省肉牛产业发展调研报告[J];吉林畜牧兽医;2013年04期
3 丁淑春;王艳芬;姜波;汪连云;马洪梅;;母牛受配率低的原因及对策[J];畜牧与饲料科学;2008年03期
4 曹兵海;;2011年肉牛产业发展趋势与政策建议[J];中国畜牧杂志;2011年02期
相关会议论文 前1条
1 孟庆翔;张义;赵金石;赵金维;周振明;任丽萍;;借鉴法国经验开展我国牛肉质量安全可追溯系统建设[A];首届中国牛业发展大会论文集[C];2006年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王淑辉;肉牛线性外貌评定和不同经济类型牛评定方法的研究[D];西北农林科技大学;2003年
，本文编号：2435160
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2435160.html
