金针菇菇脚对肉鸡盲肠菌群及短链脂肪酸的影响

发布时间：2019-03-13 10:39

【摘要】：为探讨金针菇菇脚(Flammulina velutipes stembase,FVS)对肉鸡盲肠菌群及短链脂肪酸含量的影响,选用1d健康AA肉鸡270只,随机分成5个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复18只。5个处理组分别为空白对照组(基础日粮)、抗生素阳性对照组(基础日粮+5mg/kg黄霉素)和3个FVS组(基础日粮中分别添加2%、4%和6%FVS)。在21和42d,每个重复选择3只屠宰,无菌采集盲肠内容物,提取细菌基因组总DNA,PCR扩增16srDNA V3区,采用变性梯度凝胶电泳技术结合聚合酶链式反应(PCR-DGGE)及条带的克隆测序分析盲肠细菌群的变化,同时采用聚类分析分析各试验组的多样性和相似性。用气相色谱仪检测盲肠中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的含量。结果表明:1)与空白组相比,21和42d各FVS添加组条带数均高于空白组,且6%FVS添加组条带数显著升高(P0.05);2)与空白组相比,21和42d各FVS添加组聚类在一起,相似性系数均较高;3)21和42d,共性条带盲肠优势细菌主要是扭链胃球菌[Ruminococcus]torques、厌氧发酵产氢细菌Acetanaerobacterium elongatum、甲酸芽殖菌Gemmiger formicilis、热产琥珀酸梭菌[Clostridium]thermosuccinogenes、拟杆菌属Bacteroides sp.;而特异性条带主要是产丁酸菌Oscillibacter ruminantium、柔嫩梭菌[Clostridium]leptum、Stomatobaculum longum、解多糖梭菌[Clostridium]polysaccharolyticum、产乙醇杆菌Ethanoligenens harbinense strain YUAN-3、产丁酸盐罗氏菌Roseburia hominis、解纤维素梭菌[Clostridium]cellulolyticum strain、乳酸发酵梭菌[Clostridium]lactatifermentans等。4)与空白组相比,21和42d6%FVS添加组乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量均显著升高,(P0.05)。以上结果提示:在肉鸡日粮中添加FVS可显著提高肉鸡盲肠菌群多样性,FVS可被有效利用产生降解多糖、纤维素和产酸的细菌,显著提高了短链脂肪酸的量,改善肠道菌的繁殖环境,改善动物肠道微生物菌群的结构,促进肉鸡健康生长。其中以6%FVS添加量效果最好。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of Flammulina velutipes (Flammulina velutipes stembase,FVS) on cecal flora and short-chain fatty acid content in broilers, one day healthy AA broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 repeats in each group. The control group (basal diet), the antibiotic positive control group (basal diet 5mg/kg aflatoxin) and three FVS groups (basal diet supplemented with 2%, 4% and 6%FVS, respectively) were used as control group (basal diet), antibiotic positive control group (basal diet) and 3 FVS groups (basal diet added 2%, 4% and 6%FVS, respectively). On days 21 and 42, 3 slaughtered animals were selected for each repeat. Cecal contents were collected and the total DNA,PCR of bacterial genome was extracted to amplify the 16srDNA V3 region. The variation of cecal bacterial population was analyzed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR-DGGE) and cloning and sequencing of bands, and the diversity and similarity of each experimental group were analyzed by cluster analysis. The contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in cecum were determined by gas chromatography. The results showed that: 1) compared with the blank group, the number of bands in each FVS-added group on 21 and 42 days was higher than that in the blank group, and the number of bands in the 6%FVS-added group was significantly higher than that in the blank group (P0.05). 2) compared with the blank group, the similarity coefficient of each FVS additive group at 21 and 42 days was higher than that of the blank group. 3) at 21 days and 42 days, the dominant bacteria in common bands of cecum were mainly Streptococcus wririformis [Ruminococcus] torques, anaerobic fermentation bacteria, Acetanaerobacterium elongatum, formate spores Gemmiger formicilis, heat-producing Clostridium succinogenes [Clostridium] thermosuccinogenes, Bacteroides sp.;. The specific bands were mainly Clostridium butyricum Oscillibacter ruminantium, [Clostridium] leptum,Stomatobaculum longum, lysate [Clostridium] polysaccharolyticum, ethanol producing bacilli Ethanoligenens harbinense strain YUAN-3, butyrate-producing rosebacterium Roseburia hominis,-lysing Clostridium butyrate [Clostridium] cellulolyticum strain, Lactic acid fermentative Clostridium [Clostridium] lactatifermentans et al. 4) compared with the blank group, the contents of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in 21 and 42d6%FVS added groups were significantly higher than those in the blank group (P0.05). These results suggest that adding FVS to broiler diets can significantly increase the diversity of cecal flora in broilers, and FVS can be effectively utilized to produce degrading polysaccharides, cellulose and acid-producing bacteria, thus significantly increasing the amount of short-chain fatty acids. Improve the reproductive environment of intestinal bacteria, improve the structure of animal intestinal microflora, promote the healthy growth of broilers. Among them, the addition of 6%FVS was the best.
【作者单位】：吉林农业大学生命科学学院;食药用菌教育部工程研究中心;
【基金】：吉林省经济菌物平台项目
【分类号】：S831.5

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