封育和放牧对黄土高原典型草原芽库的影响

发布时间：2019-03-22 12:16

【摘要】：在多年生草地生态系统中,芽库在干扰后的种群补充和更新中占据着重要地位。本研究采用单位面积挖掘取样法,比较分析了封育和放牧对黄土高原典型草原地上植被特征和芽库密度的影响。结果表明,黄土高原典型草原芽库以分蘖芽为主,密度为832~6 848芽·m~(-2)。与放牧相比,短期封育显著提高了芽库总密度和禾草芽库密度,但显著降低了非禾草芽库密度(P0.05)。封育和放牧对典型草原芽库密度的显著影响,主要来自根茎型、分蘖型和根蘖型牧草芽库的贡献。短期封育显著提高根茎型和分蘖型牧草的芽库密度,而显著降低根蘖型牧草的芽库密度(P0.05)。禾草芽密度与地上生物量呈显著正相关,与地上茎分枝数呈显著负相关(P0.05)。封育和放牧对黄土高原典型草原地上植被特征的影响可能是通过调控禾草芽库密度来实现的。在草地管理中,芽库对地上植被的发展有一定的指示作用,可以依靠芽库的测定来预测未来植被的产量、演替趋势和发展方向。
[Abstract]:In perennial grassland ecosystem, bud pool plays an important role in population replenishment and renewal after disturbance. In this study, the effects of herding and grazing on the vegetation characteristics and bud bank density of typical grassland in the Loess Plateau were compared and analyzed with the method of mining sampling per unit area. The results showed that the typical steppe bud pool in the Loess Plateau was dominated by tiller buds with a density of 832 ~ 6848 buds m ~ (- 2). Compared with grazing, short-term closure significantly increased the total density of bud bank and the density of grass bud pool, but significantly decreased the density of non-grass bud pool (P0.05). The significant effects of herbage closure and grazing on the bud bank density of typical steppe were mainly due to the contribution of root-stem type, tillering type and root-tillering type of forage bud pool. Short-term closure significantly increased the bud pool density of root-stem and tillering forage and decreased the bud pool density of root-tillering forage (P0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between shoot density and aboveground biomass, and a significant negative correlation between shoot density and shoot number (P0.05). The effects of herding and grazing on the vegetation characteristics of typical grasslands in the Loess Plateau may be achieved by controlling the density of grass bud pool. In grassland management, bud bank plays an important role in the development of aboveground vegetation. It can be used to predict the yield, succession trend and development direction of vegetation in the future by the determination of bud bank.
【作者单位】：河南科技大学动物科技学院;河南省饲草饲料资源开发与畜禽健康养殖院士工作站;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31302013) 河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A2302812013)
【分类号】：S812.8

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