生物与物理复合法脱除棉籽粕中游离棉酚的工艺研究
发布时间：2019-04-01 12:09
【摘要】：本试验旨在研究微生物固态发酵与微波降解分步复合法脱除棉籽粕中游离棉酚的加工技术。以棉籽浸出制油后的棉籽粕为原料,通过不同的菌种、接种量、料液比、发酵温度、发酵时间等影响因素进行试验分析,以棉籽粕的脱毒率为评判标准。首先通过确定正交试验的因素与水平,得出微生物固态发酵的最佳脱毒工艺参数;再以发酵后的湿棉籽粕为原料,采用微波降解工艺进行第二次物理辅助脱毒,确定最佳微波工艺参数;测定脱毒前后的棉籽粕粗蛋白含量和小肽含量。结果表明:混菌发酵比2∶1(枯草芽孢杆菌与酵母菌)、接种量10%、料液比2∶3、发酵时间48 h、发酵温度30℃,脱毒效果最佳,此时脱毒率高达86.57%;当微波时间和功率分别为6 min和3 000 W时,最终棉籽粕脱毒可达90.57%。测定脱毒后的棉籽粕粗蛋白含量为52.17%,提高了25.29%;小肽含量为11.13%,提高了20.19%。所得产品色泽均一,呈黑褐色,无酸臭味。微波过程可脱出一部分水分,有效节约了棉籽粕的烘干成本和烘干时间。此方法工艺简单、安全可靠、流程短、脱毒率高、水耗和能耗低,为棉籽粕的合理开发和利用提供理论基础和试验数据。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the process technology of removing free gossypol from cottonseed meal by microbial solid state fermentation and microwave degradation. The cottonseed meal extracted from cottonseed was used as raw material, and the influencing factors such as different bacteria, inoculum quantity, material-liquid ratio, fermentation temperature, fermentation time and so on were tested and analyzed, and the virus-free rate of cottonseed meal was used as the evaluation standard. Firstly, by determining the factors and levels of orthogonal experiment, the optimum technological parameters of solid-state fermentation of microorganism were obtained. The second physical assisted detoxification of wet cottonseed meal after fermentation was carried out by microwave degradation to determine the optimum microwave technological parameters, and the crude protein content and small peptide content of cottonseed meal before and after detoxification were determined. The results showed that: the mixed fermentation ratio was 2:1 (Bacillus subtilis and yeast), the inoculum amount was 10%, the ratio of material to liquid was 2 / 3, the fermentation time was 48 h, the fermentation temperature was 30 鈩，
本文编号：2451545
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the process technology of removing free gossypol from cottonseed meal by microbial solid state fermentation and microwave degradation. The cottonseed meal extracted from cottonseed was used as raw material, and the influencing factors such as different bacteria, inoculum quantity, material-liquid ratio, fermentation temperature, fermentation time and so on were tested and analyzed, and the virus-free rate of cottonseed meal was used as the evaluation standard. Firstly, by determining the factors and levels of orthogonal experiment, the optimum technological parameters of solid-state fermentation of microorganism were obtained. The second physical assisted detoxification of wet cottonseed meal after fermentation was carried out by microwave degradation to determine the optimum microwave technological parameters, and the crude protein content and small peptide content of cottonseed meal before and after detoxification were determined. The results showed that: the mixed fermentation ratio was 2:1 (Bacillus subtilis and yeast), the inoculum amount was 10%, the ratio of material to liquid was 2 / 3, the fermentation time was 48 h, the fermentation temperature was 30 鈩，
本文编号：2451545
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