有机锌对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及免疫功能的影响

发布时间：2019-04-09 07:04

【摘要】：蛋鸡在产蛋后期,由于体内长时间旺盛的脂质代谢,体内的生殖系统和抗氧化状态都显著下降,鸡蛋变大,蛋重增加,蛋壳质量变差。锌作为蛋鸡饲粮中不可缺少的微量元素,在生产中具有重要作用。与无机来源相比,有机锌能够减少肠道内的螯合作用,减少金属离子之间互作,增强低pH下微量元素的稳定性,吸收利用率高,不断被应用到家禽饲粮中。本试验以常规饲粮无机锌为对照,研究不同水平蛋氨酸螯合锌(MHA-Zn)对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和免疫性能的影响。选取体重和产蛋率相近的56周龄末海兰灰蛋鸡960只,随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复30只。参照中国蛋鸡饲养标准(NY/T 33-2004),结合海兰公司推荐饲粮营养水平,设计玉米-豆粕型基础日粮。对照组在基础饲粮中添加80 mg/kg硫酸锌,试验组分别在基础日粮中分别添加20、40、80 mg/kg的NHA-Zn。预试期2周,正试期14周,常规饲养管理。分别测定各组生产性能、蛋品质、免疫功能相关指标。试验结果:1.蛋氨酸鳌合锌对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响(1)与对照组相比,日粮中添加20、40、80 mg/kg蛋氨酸鳌合锌对蛋鸡的产蛋率、料蛋比等产蛋性能指标没有显著影响(P0.05),蛋品质中蛋形指数、蛋白高度、蛋黄颜色、蛋黄蛋白比、蛋黄比重和哈氏单位等也没有显著影响(P0.05),但由于有机锌组蛋鸡的死亡率显著降低,故提高了入舍鸡的产蛋性能。(2)添加40、80 mg/kg蛋氨酸鳌合锌,较80 mg/kg无机锌饲粮组可显著改善鸡蛋的蛋壳质量,提高蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋壳比重、蛋壳致密度,降低破蛋率,提高正品蛋壳鸡蛋的比率(P0.05)。2.蛋氨酸鳌合锌对蛋鸡免疫功能的影响(1)饲粮中添加40、80 mg/kg的蛋氨酸鳌合锌可显著提高蛋鸡的胸腺指数(P0.05),但对血清免疫球蛋白水平影响不显著(P0.05);显著提高蛋鸡禽流感H5抗体水平(P0.05),延缓禽流感H5和新城疫ND抗体水平的下降趋势。试验结论:(1)日粮中添加蛋氨酸鳌合锌对产蛋后期蛋鸡的生产性能没有显著影响,但可以降低死亡率,改善蛋壳质量。这种效应与有机锌的高吸收利用率有关。(2)日粮中添加蛋氨酸鳌合锌能够提高胸腺指数,提高血液中禽流感H5抗体的水平,延缓ND抗体下降的趋势。
[Abstract]:In the late stage of laying, the reproductive system and antioxidant state of laying hens decreased significantly due to the long-term vigorous lipid metabolism in the body, and the egg became larger, the egg weight increased, and the quality of egg shell became worse. Zinc, as an indispensable trace element in the diet of laying hens, plays an important role in production. Compared with inorganic sources, organic zinc can reduce the chelating effect of intestinal tract, reduce the interaction of metal ions, enhance the stability of trace elements under low pH, and increase the absorption and utilization ratio of trace elements. It has been used in poultry diets. The effects of different levels of zinc methionine chelated zinc (MHA-Zn) on the performance, egg quality and immune performance of laying hens at late laying stage were studied by using inorganic zinc as control. 960 Hailan grey-laying hens with similar body weight and laying rate at the end of 56 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicas in each group and 30 in each group. The corn-soybean meal basal diet was designed according to the standard of laying hens in China (NY/T 33 / 2004) and the dietary nutrition level recommended by Hailan Company. The control group was supplemented with 80 mg/kg zinc sulfate in the basal diet, and the experimental group was supplemented with 20, 40, 80 mg/kg NHA-Zn. in the basal diet, respectively. The pre-test period was 2 weeks, the positive trial period was 14 weeks, and the routine feeding management. The production performance, egg quality and immune function of each group were measured. Test results: 1. Effect of Zinc Methionine complex on performance and Egg quality of laying Hens (1) compared with the control group, 80 mg/kg zinc methionine chelated zinc had no significant effect on laying rate and feed / egg ratio (P0.05), compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and the dietary Zn (80 mol 路kg-1) had no significant effect on the laying performance of laying hens (P0.05). The egg shape index, protein height, yolk color, egg yolk ratio, specific gravity of egg yolk and Haugh unit had no significant effect on egg quality (P0.05), but the mortality rate of layers in organo-zinc group was significantly lower than that in control group (P0.05). (2) addition of 40,80 mg/kg methionine complex zinc could significantly improve egg shell quality, egg shell thickness, egg shell strength, egg shell specific gravity and egg shell density, compared with 80 mg/kg inorganic zinc diet group, the egg shell quality, egg shell thickness, egg shell strength, egg shell specific gravity and egg shell density could be significantly improved by adding 40, 80 mg/kg zinc complex. Reduce the rate of breaking eggs and increase the ratio of genuine eggshell eggs (P0.05). 2. Effect of Zinc Methionine complex on immune function of laying Hens (1) 80 mg/kg of zinc methionine could significantly increase thymus index of laying hens (P0.05), but had no significant effect on serum immunoglobulin level (P0.05); The H5 antibody level of avian influenza in laying hens was significantly increased (P0.05), and the decreasing trend of H5 and ND antibody levels of avian influenza H5 and Newcastle disease was delayed. The results were as follows: (1) adding zinc methionine to the diet had no significant effect on the performance of laying hens at the late laying stage, but it could reduce the mortality and improve the egg shell quality. This effect is related to the high absorption and utilization rate of organic zinc. (2) adding zinc methionine to diet can increase thymus index, increase the level of H5 antibody in blood, and delay the decreasing trend of ND antibody.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S831.5

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