三个品种马MSTN、GH基因多态性及其与体尺性状的关联分析

发布时间：2019-04-12 19:08

【摘要】：本试验以焉耆马、伊犁马和蒙古马3个品种所采集的196个个体为材料,采用PCR-SSCP及DNA测序技术,在DNA水平上对MSTN及GH基因多态性进行研究,并将基因多态性与马体尺性状进行关联性分析。研究结果如下:对MSTN基因的多态性检测,其中焉耆马和伊犁马存在多态性,产生了AA、AG和GG三种基因型;蒙古马未检测到多态性。经DNA测序,发现在第一内含子区域一个碱基发生突变:g.2115A→G(GQ183900.1)。通过Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验,在焉耆马与伊犁马中MSTN基因处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态。对GH基因进行多态性检测,发现所测三个品种均存在多态性,产生了CC、CD及DD三种基因型。经DNA测序,在第五外显子区域检测到一个突变位点g.1464T→C(NC_009154.2)。通过Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验,发现焉耆马与伊犁马GH基因处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,蒙古马处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态。MSTN基因不同基因型与体尺性状进行相关性分析表明,在焉耆马和伊犁马群体中,不同的基因型对体尺性状产生了显著性的影响。其中焉耆马群体中,胸围GG型和AG型显著长于AA型;伊犁马群体中体长GG型显著长于AA型,胸围GG型显著长于AG型,极显著长于AA型,管围AG型极显著长于AA型。使用一般线性模型GLM对所测三个品种马匹体尺进行方差分析,发现不同品种差异及不同基因型对体尺差异均有极显著意义。蒙古马GH基因不同基因型与体尺性状进行相关性分析表明,不同的GH基因型对体尺性状产生了显著性的影响,蒙古马群体中,体高、体长和胸围CC型和CD型显著性高(长)于DD型,管围CC型显著长于DD型。MSTN及GH基因对马体尺性状具有显著性影响,在马匹育种与改良过程中具有作为分子标记辅助的价值。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, 196 individuals collected from three breeds of Yanqi horse, Yili horse and Mongolian horse were used to study the polymorphism of MSTN and GH genes at DNA level by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing techniques. The association between genetic polymorphism and horse body size traits was analyzed. The results were as follows: the polymorphism of MSTN gene was detected in Yanqi horse and Yili horse, which resulted in three genotypes of AA,AG and GG, while no polymorphism was detected in Mongolian horse. By DNA sequencing, it was found that a base mutation occurred in the first intron region: g.2115A (GQ183900.1). The results of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test showed that the MSTN gene in Yanqi horse and Yili horse was in the non-equilibrium state of Hardy-Weinberg. The polymorphism of GH gene was detected in all three cultivars, and three genotypes of CC,CD and DD were produced. By DNA sequencing, a mutation, g.1464T / C (NC_009154.2), was detected in exon 5 region. By Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, it was found that the GH gene of Yanqi horse and Yili horse was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state, and the Mongolian horse was in the non-equilibrium state of Hardy-Weinberg. The correlation analysis between the different genotypes of the MSTN gene and body size traits showed that there was no significant difference between the two genotypes. In Yanqi Horse and Yili Horse population, different genotypes had significant effects on body size traits. In Yanqi horse population, the GG type and AGtype of chest circumference were significantly longer than AA type, the GG type of body length in Yili horse population was significantly longer than AA type, the GG type of chest circumference was significantly longer than that of AA type, the GG type of chest circumference was significantly longer than that of AA type, and the AGtype of tube circumference was significantly longer than that of AA type. A general linear model GLM was used to analyze the variance of body size of horses in three breeds. It was found that there were significant differences in body size between different breeds and different genotypes. The correlation analysis between different genotypes of GH gene and body size traits in Mongolian horses showed that different GH genotypes had a significant effect on body size traits, body height in Mongolian horse population, and body height in Mongolian horse population. The body length and chest circumference CC and CD genotype were significantly higher (longer) than DD type, and the tube circumference CC type was significantly longer than DD type. MSTN and GH genes had significant effects on horse body size traits, and were valuable as molecular markers in horse breeding and improvement.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S821

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