发酵玉米秸秆对育肥猪生产性能及盲肠微生物区系的影响
发布时间：2019-04-20 15:23
【摘要】：本试验研究不同比例发酵玉米秸秆日粮对育肥猪生长性能、饲料养分消化率、盲肠发酵效果及其微生物区系的变化的影响,为在育肥猪日粮中科学合理地应用玉米秸秆资源提供理论依据。选用体重相近(30.4±1.53kg)的健康杜长大三元杂交猪72头,随机分成4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复6头猪并饲养于同一猪舍中。试验处理分别为对照组、10%、15%和20%发酵玉米秸秆组。试验全程为期80d,其中预试期3d,正试期77d,试验猪自由采食和饮水,准确记录每组的采食量,观察猪群的采食情况及健康状况。试验结束时,每组随机选取6头猪进行屠宰,取样测定盲肠内挥发性脂肪酸含量及微生物区系。研究结果表明:添加不同比例发酵玉米秸秆后,显著提高试验猪的平均日采食量和料肉比(P㩳0.05),但在整个试验期间平均日增重差异不显著(P0.05)。随着发酵秸秆添加量的提高,各营养物质消化率均显著降低(P㩳0.05)。盲肠内pH及发酵生成的挥发性脂肪酸含量差异不显著(P0.05),但随着发酵秸秆添加量的提高盲肠pH有降低趋势,乙酸含量升高,总挥发性脂肪酸含量15%秸秆组最多,即15%秸秆组发酵效果最好。通过高通量测序结果和PCR-DGGE图谱分析表明日粮中添加发酵玉米秸秆后,试验猪盲肠内微生物多样性有所提高,微生物以Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)为主,含量可达到61.73%-86.51%;Streptococcus(链球菌属)、Acetivibrio(醋弧菌属)、Lactobacillus(乳酸菌属)和Ochrobactrum(苍白杆菌属)在盲肠内的的含量相对升高;同时也发现Robinsoniella(瘤胃球菌属)、Paraprevotella(普雷沃氏菌属)、Succinivibrio(琥珀酸弧菌属)等能分解纤维类物质的菌属的存在,随着秸秆添加量的提高其总量也有所增加。由上述研究结果表明,随着发酵秸秆添加量的提高对育肥猪生产性能影响不大,但会显著提高平均日采食量和料肉比,显著降低营养物质消化率,提高盲肠内微生物多样性。综合上述各个指标,添加15%发酵玉米秸秆对育肥猪的饲喂效果最好。
[Abstract]:The effects of different proportion of fermented corn straw diets on growth performance, feed nutrient digestibility, caecal fermentation effect and microbial flora of finishing pigs were studied in this experiment. It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable application of corn straw resources in the diet of fattening pigs. Seventy-two healthy Duchang three-way hybrid pigs with similar body weight (30.4 卤1.53 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 3 duplications, each with 6 pigs and raised in the same pighouse. The control group was treated with 10%, 15% and 20% fermented corn straw, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 80 days, in which the pre-test period was 3 days and the trial period was 77 days. The pigs were free to take food and drinking water. The intake of each group was recorded accurately, and the feeding situation and health status of the pigs were observed. At the end of the experiment, six pigs in each group were randomly selected for slaughter, and the contents of volatile fatty acids and microbial flora in cecum were determined by sampling. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio of the pigs were significantly increased by adding different proportion of fermented corn straw (P0. 05), but there was no significant difference in the average daily gain during the whole experiment period (P 0. 05). With the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the digestibility of all nutrients decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of pH in cecum and the volatile fatty acids produced by fermentation (P0.05), but with the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the content of pH in cecum decreased, the content of acetic acid increased, and the content of total volatile fatty acids was the most in the 15% straw group. That is, the fermentation effect of 15% straw group was the best. The results of high-throughput sequencing and PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the microbial diversity in the caecum of pigs was increased by adding fermented corn stalks to the diet, and Firmicutes (thick-walled bacteria) was the main microorganism in the experiment pig caecum. The content can reach 61.73% / 86.51%; The contents of Streptococcus (), Acetivibrio (,), Lactobacillus () and Ochrobactrum (Xanthomonas) in the cecum were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Lactobacillus in the cecum was higher than that in the control group. At the same time, it was also found that Robinsoniella (), Paraprevotella (), Paraprevotella (,), Succinivibrio (succinic acid) and so on can decompose fibrous substances, and its total amount increased with the increase of the amount of straw. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio were significantly increased, nutrient digestibility was significantly decreased and microbial diversity in cecum was increased with the increase of the amount of fermented stalks on the performance of fattening pigs. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the growth performance of fattening pigs with the addition of fermented straw. According to the above-mentioned indexes, 15% fermented corn straw was the best to feed the fattening pigs.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
本文编号：2461723
[Abstract]:The effects of different proportion of fermented corn straw diets on growth performance, feed nutrient digestibility, caecal fermentation effect and microbial flora of finishing pigs were studied in this experiment. It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and reasonable application of corn straw resources in the diet of fattening pigs. Seventy-two healthy Duchang three-way hybrid pigs with similar body weight (30.4 卤1.53 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 3 duplications, each with 6 pigs and raised in the same pighouse. The control group was treated with 10%, 15% and 20% fermented corn straw, respectively. The whole experiment lasted for 80 days, in which the pre-test period was 3 days and the trial period was 77 days. The pigs were free to take food and drinking water. The intake of each group was recorded accurately, and the feeding situation and health status of the pigs were observed. At the end of the experiment, six pigs in each group were randomly selected for slaughter, and the contents of volatile fatty acids and microbial flora in cecum were determined by sampling. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio of the pigs were significantly increased by adding different proportion of fermented corn straw (P0. 05), but there was no significant difference in the average daily gain during the whole experiment period (P 0. 05). With the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the digestibility of all nutrients decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the content of pH in cecum and the volatile fatty acids produced by fermentation (P0.05), but with the increase of the amount of fermented straw, the content of pH in cecum decreased, the content of acetic acid increased, and the content of total volatile fatty acids was the most in the 15% straw group. That is, the fermentation effect of 15% straw group was the best. The results of high-throughput sequencing and PCR-DGGE analysis showed that the microbial diversity in the caecum of pigs was increased by adding fermented corn stalks to the diet, and Firmicutes (thick-walled bacteria) was the main microorganism in the experiment pig caecum. The content can reach 61.73% / 86.51%; The contents of Streptococcus (), Acetivibrio (,), Lactobacillus () and Ochrobactrum (Xanthomonas) in the cecum were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The content of Lactobacillus in the cecum was higher than that in the control group. At the same time, it was also found that Robinsoniella (), Paraprevotella (), Paraprevotella (,), Succinivibrio (succinic acid) and so on can decompose fibrous substances, and its total amount increased with the increase of the amount of straw. The results showed that the average daily intake and feed-to-meat ratio were significantly increased, nutrient digestibility was significantly decreased and microbial diversity in cecum was increased with the increase of the amount of fermented stalks on the performance of fattening pigs. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the growth performance of fattening pigs with the addition of fermented straw. According to the above-mentioned indexes, 15% fermented corn straw was the best to feed the fattening pigs.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
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