高繁殖力猪新品系-HN生长性能、胴体品质及年生产力研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 12:15

【摘要】：高繁殖力猪新品系-HN是以二花脸猪和杜洛克为亲本,利用现代遗传育种理论,通过杂交合成、横交固定和继代选育培育而成的一个新品系猪。育成以来在甘肃省各地已广泛推广,得到了普遍认可。为探索其生产性能及年生产力,本试验设计高、中、低三个粗蛋白水平日粮,研究不同粗蛋白水平日粮对高繁殖力猪新品系-HN生长性能的影响,并以大白猪为对照,测定其2.5~6.5月龄肥育性能及不同屠宰体重阶段的胴体性能和肉质,分析其年生产力水平及经济效益。研究工作分两部分内容:试验一:试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计,选取体重15 kg左右的新品系猪30头(15阉15母),随机分成3组,每组10头。在15~30 kg(H:18.5%、M:18.0%、L:17.5%)、30~60 kg(H:17.5%、M:17.0%、L:16.5%)和60~90 kg(H:16.5%、M:16.0%、L:15.5%)阶段分别设计高、中、低三个粗蛋白水平日粮,饲养至90 kg结束后,统计各阶段各组平均日增重、平均日采食量与料重比,分析日粮粗蛋白水平对其生长性能和经济效益的影响。结果表明:随着各生长阶段日粮粗蛋白水平降低,试验猪平均日采食量逐渐增加。在15~30和30~60 kg,均以中粗蛋白组日增重最大(390.63 g/d和699.16 g/d),料重比最低(2.43和2.81),育肥天数最少(41 d和44 d),但高、中、低三组平均日增重差异均不显著(P0.05);在60~90 kg阶段,中粗蛋白组和低粗蛋白组日增重未出现显著性差异(P0.05),但都极显著高于高粗蛋白组(P0.01)。按2016年11月甘肃省饲料和生猪价格,中粗蛋白组猪育肥全期头均饲料成本为566.34元,分别比高粗蛋白组和低粗蛋白组低89.71元和37.22元;育肥猪头均盈利为363.66元,分别比高粗蛋白组和低粗蛋白组多104.71元和42.22元;每头母猪年纯盈利为7188.90元,分别比高粗蛋白组和低粗蛋白组多2804.15元和1130.80元。试验二:试验以大白猪为对照,选择2.5月龄的高繁殖力猪新品系-HN及大白猪仔猪各20头(10阉10母),经过1周预试期后进入正试期。正试期按月称重并每天记录采食量,待6.5月龄肥育期结束后,分析两组的肥育性能;当试验组平均体重分别达60、70、80、90 kg,对照组活重达100 kg时,各选择3头(公母比例一致)进行屠宰测定,分析试验组不同体重阶段的胴体性能、肉质、年生产力和经济效益并与对照组对比。结果表明:高繁殖力猪新品系-HN全期平均日增重为614.00 g/d,极显著低于大白猪(P0.01),全期料肉比为3.19,高于大白猪,3.5~4.5月龄生长速度最快,日增重达774.19 g/d;各体重阶段屠宰率均在68%左右,胴体瘦肉率在51~56%之间,90 kg屠宰时胴体重、眼肌面积最大,分别是61.48 kg和40.73 cm2,80 kg屠宰时后腿比例、净肉率最大,分别是29.34%和73.12%,肉质指标都在正常范围内;新品系-HN每头母猪年提供育肥猪比大白猪多10.16头,60、70、80、90 kg屠宰时,母猪年生产力(产肉量)分别为1107.25 kg、1282.98 kg、1461.98 kg、1644.24 kg,年生产力(除60 kg)高于100kg屠宰的大白猪;根据2015年11月甘肃省生猪价格,各体重阶段育肥猪出栏时,母猪年纯盈利分别为3681.34元、5415.34元、6335.50元、6497.25元,综合经济效益高于100 kg出栏的大白猪。综合分析,不同粗蛋白水平日粮对高繁殖力猪新品系-HN平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比和经济效益有影响,在15~30 kg和30~60 kg阶段,以中粗蛋白日粮生长性能最佳,在60~90 kg以低粗蛋白日粮最佳;高繁殖力猪新品系-HN2.5~6.5月龄肥育性能好,不同屠宰体重对胴体性能、肉质及年生产力有影响,其适宜的屠宰体重为80 kg。
[Abstract]:The new strain of high propagation pig-HN is a new strain of pig with two-flower-face pig and Duroc as its parent, using modern genetic breeding theory, cross-crossing, and subculturing. It has been widely promoted in various parts of Gansu since it has been bred, and has been widely accepted. In ord to explore its production performance and annual productivity, that experiment design high, medium and low levels of crude protein level, and study the effect of different crude protein level ration on the growth performance of the new strain-HN of high fecundity pig. The carcass performance and meat quality at 2.5 to 6.5 months of age and the carcass performance and meat quality in different slaughter weight stages were measured, and the annual productivity and economic benefit were analyzed. The research work is divided into two parts: test one: the test is designed with a single-factor complete random test, and a new strain of 30 (15-15 female) with a weight of about 15 kg is selected, and is randomly divided into three groups, each group of 10 heads. In the stage of 15-30kg (H: 18.5%, M: 18.0%, L: 17.5%),30-60 kg (H: 17.5%, M: 17.0%, L: 16.5%) and 60-90 kg (H: 16.5%, M: 16.0%, L: 15.5%), the high, medium and low levels of crude protein were designed to be fed to the end of 90 kg. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake and weight-to-weight ratio of each group were analyzed, and the effect of dietary crude protein level on its growth performance and economic benefit was analyzed. The results showed that the average daily feed intake of the test pigs was gradually increased with the decrease of the crude protein level in each growing stage. The weight gain (390.63 g/ d and 699.16 g/ d), the material weight ratio (2.43 and 2.81) and the number of fattening days were the least (41d and 44d) at 15-30 and 30-60 kg, but the average daily weight gain of the middle and low groups was not significant (P0.05); at the stage of 60-90 kg, There was no significant difference in the daily gain of the middle crude protein group and the low crude protein group (P0.05), but it was significantly higher than that of the high crude protein group (P0.01). According to the price of feed and live pigs in Gansu province in November,2016, the cost of the whole-period head of the pig in the middle and coarse protein group was 566.34 yuan, which was 89.71 yuan and 37.22 yuan lower than that of the high crude protein group and the low crude protein group, and the profit of the fattening pig head was 363.66 yuan, respectively, and the ratio of the high crude protein group and the low crude protein group was 104.71 yuan and 42.22 yuan, respectively; The annual pure profit of each sow was 7188.90 yuan, and it was more than 2804.15 yuan and 1130.80 yuan higher than that of the high crude protein group and the low crude protein group, respectively. Test 2: The test was used as a control, and the new strain-HN and 20 (10-10%) of the high-fecundity pigs of 2.5 months were selected, and the test period was entered after 1-week pre-trial period. The average body weight of the test group was 60,70,80,90 kg, and the weight of the control group was 100 kg. The carcass performance, meat quality, annual productivity and economic benefit in different body weight stages of the test group were analyzed and compared with the control group. The results showed that the average daily gain of the new strain-HN was 614.00 g/ d, which was significantly lower than that of the big white pig (P 0.01). The total meat ratio was 3.19, higher than that of the big white pig, the growth rate of 3.5-4.5 months was the fastest, the daily gain was 774.19 g/ day, and the slaughter rate in all the weight stages was about 68%. The carcass lean meat rate was between 51 and 56%, the carcass weight and the eye muscle area at 90 kg were 61.48 kg and 40.73 cm2, respectively. The proportion of the hind legs at the time of slaughter was 29.34% and 73.12%, respectively, and the meat quality index was within the normal range. The annual productivity of the sow was 1107.25kg, 1282.98kg, 1461.98kg, 1644.24kg, annual productivity (except 60kg) was higher than that of 100kg slaughter, according to the pig's price in Gansu Province in November,2015. The annual pure profit of the sow is 3681.34 Yuan, 5415.34 Yuan, 6335.50 Yuan and 6497.25 Yuan, respectively, and the comprehensive economic benefit is higher than 100 kg of the large white pig. The average daily gain, the average daily feed intake, the weight ratio and the economic benefit of the new strain-HN were affected by the comprehensive analysis, the average daily feed intake, the material weight ratio and the economic benefit, the growth performance of the medium-coarse protein was the best at the stage of 15-30 kg and 30-60 kg, and the ration of the low-crude protein was the best in the range of 60-90 kg. The new strain of high fecundity pigs-HN2.5-6.5 months has good breeding performance, and different slaughter weight has an effect on the carcass performance, meat quality and annual productivity, and the suitable slaughter weight is 80 kg.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S828

【相似文献】