不同温度环境下雌性肉鸡的光色偏好性及不同饲养密度黄色LED光环境下肉鸡的光需求特性
发布时间：2019-05-18 18:33
【摘要】：家禽是一种光敏感动物,其视觉系统高度发达,光刺激对禽类的生长、行为、节律都会产生重要影响,所以光照在家禽养殖中得到了非常广泛的运用,可控的人工光源成为养殖照明的主要来源。在生产中,随着家禽养殖业的规模化、机械化、集约化程度不断提高,LED (Light Emitting Diode)发光二极管以其寿命长、能耗低、可调控性强等优点逐渐受到人们的关注。同时温度对肉鸡的生产性能和行为节律也会产生一定的影响,为了全面评估LED光照和温度对肉鸡生长和行为的耦合影响,本论文以“萧山”商品肉鸡为研究对象,选取不同LED光色为研究手段,探究了肉鸡在不同温度下的光色偏好性,且针对实际生产中的光色,对肉鸡屠宰特性和整个生长阶段的光需特性、采食饮水行为等进行研究。主要研究内容和成果如下：(1)研究了肉鸡在高温环境(30.6℃)下对红、黄、蓝、绿、白色LED光的偏好性,分别统计了肉鸡在各个光照区的耗料量、耗水量、排粪量和停留时间,研究表明实验前期(29、35、38日龄)短波长(G、B)光照区的饲料消耗相对更大,随着肉鸡日龄的增加,实验后期(41、44、47日龄)长波长(R、Y)光照区的饲料消耗量开始上升。各区排粪量、停留时间的统计与耗料量规律相似。整个实验周期过程中,肉鸡在温度较高时表现了对短波长极大的偏好性。(2)研究了肉鸡在低温环境(6.9℃)下对红、黄、蓝、绿、白色LED光的偏好性,分别统计了肉鸡在各个光照区的耗料量、耗水量、排粪量和停留时间,研究表明实验前期(29、35日龄)各单色光光照区的进食量和进水量无显著差异,随着肉鸡日龄的增加,实验后期(38、41、44、47日龄)长波长(R)光照区的饲料消耗量显著升高,远高于其他单色光光照区。各区排粪量、停留时间的统计与耗料量规律相似。整个实验周期过程中,肉鸡在温度较低时表现了对长波长极大的偏好性。(3)结合实验一、实验二研究结果和实际生产所用光色,探究黄色LED光环境下肉鸡对光的需求特性,以及不同养殖密度对肉鸡体重、屠宰特性和饮食特性的影响。研究表明低密度(2.5只/m2)肉鸡的各项生产性能指标均高于高密度组(7.5只/m2),养殖密度对屠宰指标及器官重量均无显著影响。两实验组的亮区耗料量和耗水量均显著高于暗区,肉鸡表现出对亮区极大的偏好性,但随着肉鸡日龄的增加,耗料量和耗水量在肉鸡生长的中后期有所减少,表明肉鸡在生长中后期对光照的偏好性降低。肉鸡在各区的停留频率结论与耗料耗水量结论一致。
[Abstract]:Poultry is a kind of light-sensitive animal, its visual system is highly developed, light stimulation will have an important impact on the growth, behavior and rhythm of poultry, so light has been widely used in poultry breeding. Controllable artificial light source has become the main source of aquaculture lighting. In production, with the scale, mechanization and intensification of poultry breeding industry, LED (Light Emitting Diode) light-emitting diode (LED) has been paid more and more attention because of its long life, low energy consumption, strong controllability and so on. At the same time, temperature also has a certain effect on the performance and behavior rhythm of broilers. In order to comprehensively evaluate the coupling effects of LED light and temperature on the growth and behavior of broilers, this paper takes "Xiaoshan" commercial broilers as the research object. Different LED light colors were selected as research methods to explore the preference of light color of broilers at different temperatures. According to the light color in actual production, the slaughtering characteristics of broilers, the light demand characteristics of the whole growth stage, and the behavior of eating and drinking water were studied. The main contents and achievements are as follows: (1) the preference of broilers to red, yellow, blue, green and white LED light in high temperature environment (30.6 鈩，
本文编号：2480236
[Abstract]:Poultry is a kind of light-sensitive animal, its visual system is highly developed, light stimulation will have an important impact on the growth, behavior and rhythm of poultry, so light has been widely used in poultry breeding. Controllable artificial light source has become the main source of aquaculture lighting. In production, with the scale, mechanization and intensification of poultry breeding industry, LED (Light Emitting Diode) light-emitting diode (LED) has been paid more and more attention because of its long life, low energy consumption, strong controllability and so on. At the same time, temperature also has a certain effect on the performance and behavior rhythm of broilers. In order to comprehensively evaluate the coupling effects of LED light and temperature on the growth and behavior of broilers, this paper takes "Xiaoshan" commercial broilers as the research object. Different LED light colors were selected as research methods to explore the preference of light color of broilers at different temperatures. According to the light color in actual production, the slaughtering characteristics of broilers, the light demand characteristics of the whole growth stage, and the behavior of eating and drinking water were studied. The main contents and achievements are as follows: (1) the preference of broilers to red, yellow, blue, green and white LED light in high temperature environment (30.6 鈩，
本文编号：2480236
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