中国沿海才女虫属复合体的分类学和组织学研究
发布时间：2019-05-20 18:23
【摘要】：本文运用分子系统发育、活体观察、扫描电镜技术、组织切片技术及线粒体基因组全序列获得技术对我国部分沿海城市大连、烟台、南通、温州、宁波、阳江、深圳、湛江、海南等地的贝类寄生才女虫属复合体进行了分类学和组织学的研究,得出了以下结果。1.才女虫属复合体在沿海地区的分布此次调查共发现7种才女虫属复合体,分别是陵水才女虫(Polydora lingshuiensis)、呼普拉才女虫(Polydora huplara)、短触手才女虫(Polydora brevipalpa)、艳丽才女虫(Polydora aura)、韦氏才女虫(Polydora websteri)、哈氏才女虫(Polydora haswelli)以及南通新种才女虫(Polydora sp.)。其中P.lingshuiensis分布于海南、阳江、深圳、湛江等地,而P.hoplura、P.brevipalpa和P.aura相应地分布在温州、大连和烟台,P.websteri分布在宁波和阳江,P.haswelli分布在深圳和湛江。Polydora sp.在南通、阳江、深圳、湛江高纬度和低纬度等地均有分布,是分布最广泛的才女虫属复合体。2.才女虫属复合体形态学运用光镜和电镜扫描技术对短触手才女虫和陵水才女虫的形态结构做了系统研究,结果显示:共同点:(1)光镜下虫体半透明呈浅褐色,触手边缘具黑色斑带;口前叶前端钝圆,脑后脊延伸至第Ⅲ体节中部,眼点两对,呈梯型排列;第Ⅴ刚节刚毛变形膨大成爪状且具侧凸缘,鳃始于第七体节,虫体背部中央及鳃中央血管明显,且血液在快速流动。尾部圆盘状,背部具缺刻,肛口开于中间。(2)电镜下虫体触手中央具食物沟,内布满纤毛,触角缺失。自第Ⅶ体节起,背部鳃之间具横向纤毛带,腹刚毛被双齿巾钩刚毛取代。不同点:(1)陵水才女虫触手基部的表面具有一个指状的中触角,而短触手才女虫缺失。(2)短触手才女虫第Ⅴ刚节粗足刺刚毛末端具有侧齿,但陵水才女虫第刚节粗足刺刚毛末端只是具有凹面。3.才女虫属复合体组织学运用组织切片技术对短触手才女虫内部组织结构做了系统的研究,结果显示:虫体主要由表皮、肌肉层和消化管组成。头部角质层明显增厚且肌肉发达,表皮层富含大量的腺细胞,肌肉层发达出现斜肌,消化管上皮细胞游离面密集而规则排列的绒毛构成明显的纹状缘,且每个体节均有一对侧生血管、一对腺袋、以及一对后肾管。排泄系统出现较高级的后肾管,其肾口开口于体腔,肾孔与体外相连;循环系统为完全闭管式循环,除却中央的背腹血管外,还有大量的侧生血管以及一些毛细血管网;消化系统中,咽部膨大成三个腔,分为两个触手腔和一个主咽腔,肠道结构分为四层分别为:外膜层、肌层、黏膜下层和黏膜层。形态学和组织学的结合可以得出结论:短触手才女虫凿洞寄生是由其表皮层腺细胞分泌黏液化学腐蚀剂和第五体节变形刚毛机械磨损共同作用的结果。4.才女虫属复合体线粒体基因组全序列运用long PCR技术首次获得Polydora sp.线粒体基因组全长序列。线粒体全长序列共17609个碱基,共编码38个基因,其中包括13个编码蛋白质的基因、23个转运RNA的基因,以及2个核糖体RNA基因,比其他环节动物多一个甲硫氨酸转运RNA基因。包含了21个非编码区,4个较大的非编码区,而不是单独的一个,余下非编码区较小,掺杂在线粒体各个基因之间。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the molecular phylogeny, living body observation, scanning electron microscope technique, tissue slice technique and the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome to obtain the technology to some coastal cities in China, such as Dalian, Yantai, Nantong, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. The taxonomic and histological studies of the species of parasitism of shellfish in Hainan and other fields have been studied, and the following results are obtained. The distribution of the complex in the coastal area of the three species of the species is the complex of the seven species of the species, such as the polyspora lingshuiensis, the polyspora huplara, the polyspora brevipalpa, the polyspora aura and the polyspora websteri, respectively. Polypora haswelli and polyspora sp., a new species of nantong. ) P. lingshuiensis is distributed in Hainan, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang, while P. hoplura, P. brevipalpa and P. aura are distributed in Wenzhou, Dalian and Yantai, P. websteri are distributed in Ningbo and Yangjiang, P. haswelli is distributed in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. Polyora sp. In Nantong, Yangjiang, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, that high latitude and the low latitude are all distributed, and are the most widely distributed female worm. A systematic study on the morphological structure of the short-touch-hand and the Lingshui-gifted female worm was carried out by light-and electron-microscope scanning techniques, and the results showed that: (1) Under light microscope, the body semi-transparent was light brown, the edge of the contact hand had a black spot, and the front-end of the mouth was blunt. The posterior ridge extends to the middle of the third section, and the two pairs of the eye points are in the form of a ladder; the first section of the V-section is deformed and expanded into a claw-like and side-flange, which starts from the seventh section, and the central and central blood vessels in the back of the body of the worm body are obvious, and the blood is rapidly flowing. The tail is disc-shaped, the back has a notch, and the anal opening is open in the middle. (2) Under the electron microscope, the center of the contact hand of the insect body is provided with a food groove, and the inside is covered with the cilia and the antenna is missing. From the first section of the body, there is a transverse ciliated band between the back and the back, and the ventral bristles are replaced with the setae of the double-tooth towel. The different points: (1) The surface of the base of the tentacles of the top of the Potentilla of the Lingshui has a finger-like middle tentacles, while the short-tentacles are missing. (2) The tail of the second section of the second section of the short tentacles has the side teeth, but the end of the second section of the first section of the female worm of the Lingshui is only with a concave surface. A systematic study of the structure of the inner tissue of the short-tentacles with the tissue-slicing technique was carried out by the tissue-slicing technique, and the results showed that the body was mainly composed of the epidermis, the muscle layer and the digestive tube. the stratum corneum of the head is obviously thickened and muscular, the skin layer is rich in a large amount of glandular cells, And a pair of back kidney tubes. the excretory system has a higher-level back-kidney tube, the kidney-opening of which is open in the body cavity, the kidney hole is connected with the body, the circulatory system is a completely closed-tube type circulation, It is divided into two tentacle cavities and one main pharyngeal cavity, and the intestinal structure is divided into four layers, namely, the outer membrane layer, the myometrium, the submucosal layer and the mucous membrane layer. The combination of morphology and histology can be concluded that a short-touch-and-talented female worm is a result of the co-action of the secretion of the mucochemical etchant and the mechanical wear of the fifth-body section of the glandular cell. Polymorpha sp. was first obtained by using the long PCR technique in the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the complex. The full-length sequence of the mitochondrial genome. A total of 17609 bases of the mitochondrial full length sequence, a total of 38 genes, including 13 genes encoding the protein,23 genes for transporting the RNA, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, more than one methionine transporter RNA gene of the other ring-section animals. There are 21 non-coding regions, four large non-coding regions, rather than a single one, and the remaining non-coding regions are smaller and are doped between the respective genes of the mitochondria.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S852.7
本文编号：2481859
[Abstract]:In this paper, we use the molecular phylogeny, living body observation, scanning electron microscope technique, tissue slice technique and the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome to obtain the technology to some coastal cities in China, such as Dalian, Yantai, Nantong, Wenzhou, Ningbo, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. The taxonomic and histological studies of the species of parasitism of shellfish in Hainan and other fields have been studied, and the following results are obtained. The distribution of the complex in the coastal area of the three species of the species is the complex of the seven species of the species, such as the polyspora lingshuiensis, the polyspora huplara, the polyspora brevipalpa, the polyspora aura and the polyspora websteri, respectively. Polypora haswelli and polyspora sp., a new species of nantong. ) P. lingshuiensis is distributed in Hainan, Yangjiang, Shenzhen and Zhanjiang, while P. hoplura, P. brevipalpa and P. aura are distributed in Wenzhou, Dalian and Yantai, P. websteri are distributed in Ningbo and Yangjiang, P. haswelli is distributed in Shenzhen and Zhanjiang. Polyora sp. In Nantong, Yangjiang, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, that high latitude and the low latitude are all distributed, and are the most widely distributed female worm. A systematic study on the morphological structure of the short-touch-hand and the Lingshui-gifted female worm was carried out by light-and electron-microscope scanning techniques, and the results showed that: (1) Under light microscope, the body semi-transparent was light brown, the edge of the contact hand had a black spot, and the front-end of the mouth was blunt. The posterior ridge extends to the middle of the third section, and the two pairs of the eye points are in the form of a ladder; the first section of the V-section is deformed and expanded into a claw-like and side-flange, which starts from the seventh section, and the central and central blood vessels in the back of the body of the worm body are obvious, and the blood is rapidly flowing. The tail is disc-shaped, the back has a notch, and the anal opening is open in the middle. (2) Under the electron microscope, the center of the contact hand of the insect body is provided with a food groove, and the inside is covered with the cilia and the antenna is missing. From the first section of the body, there is a transverse ciliated band between the back and the back, and the ventral bristles are replaced with the setae of the double-tooth towel. The different points: (1) The surface of the base of the tentacles of the top of the Potentilla of the Lingshui has a finger-like middle tentacles, while the short-tentacles are missing. (2) The tail of the second section of the second section of the short tentacles has the side teeth, but the end of the second section of the first section of the female worm of the Lingshui is only with a concave surface. A systematic study of the structure of the inner tissue of the short-tentacles with the tissue-slicing technique was carried out by the tissue-slicing technique, and the results showed that the body was mainly composed of the epidermis, the muscle layer and the digestive tube. the stratum corneum of the head is obviously thickened and muscular, the skin layer is rich in a large amount of glandular cells, And a pair of back kidney tubes. the excretory system has a higher-level back-kidney tube, the kidney-opening of which is open in the body cavity, the kidney hole is connected with the body, the circulatory system is a completely closed-tube type circulation, It is divided into two tentacle cavities and one main pharyngeal cavity, and the intestinal structure is divided into four layers, namely, the outer membrane layer, the myometrium, the submucosal layer and the mucous membrane layer. The combination of morphology and histology can be concluded that a short-touch-and-talented female worm is a result of the co-action of the secretion of the mucochemical etchant and the mechanical wear of the fifth-body section of the glandular cell. Polymorpha sp. was first obtained by using the long PCR technique in the whole sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the complex. The full-length sequence of the mitochondrial genome. A total of 17609 bases of the mitochondrial full length sequence, a total of 38 genes, including 13 genes encoding the protein,23 genes for transporting the RNA, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, more than one methionine transporter RNA gene of the other ring-section animals. There are 21 non-coding regions, four large non-coding regions, rather than a single one, and the remaining non-coding regions are smaller and are doped between the respective genes of the mitochondria.
【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S852.7
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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3 谢玉坎,闵志勇;我国的珍珠研究进展[J];莆田学院学报;2003年03期
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