苜蓿多糖对不同性别肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及抗氧化性能的影响

发布时间：2019-05-28 03:45

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究苜蓿多糖对不同性别肉仔鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及抗氧化性能的影响。选取468只1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为3组,每组12个重复(公母各6个重复),每个重复13只鸡。组1为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,组2、组3分别在基础饲粮中添加1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮中添加1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖对公鸡和母鸡的平均体重、平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比、屠宰率、腿肌率和腹脂率均无显著影响(P0.05),但显著提高了母鸡全净膛率和胸肌率(P0.05),且添加2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖显著提高了公鸡胸肌率(P0.05)。2)1 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组(即组2)公鸡胸肌p H45 min显著提高(P0.05),公鸡和母鸡胸肌滴水损失率和公鸡胸肌蒸煮损失率显著降低(P0.05);2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组(即组3)公鸡和母鸡胸肌滴水损失率和公鸡胸肌蒸煮损失率显著降低(P0.05)。1 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组公鸡和母鸡腿肌滴水损失率和母鸡腿肌剪切力显著降低(P0.05),母鸡腿肌p H24 h显著提高(P0.05);2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组母鸡腿肌滴水损失率和剪切力显著降低(P0.05)。3)1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组21日龄公鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著提高(P0.05),2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组35和42日龄母鸡血清T-AOC显著提高(P0.05),2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组28日龄公鸡和母鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著提高(P0.05),1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖组21和35日龄母鸡血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P0.05),但饲粮中添加1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖对公鸡和母鸡血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量无显著影响(P0.05);此外,饲粮中添加1 000和2 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖对公鸡和母鸡肝脏和胸肌中T-AOC、GSH-Px和T-SOD活性及MDA含量均无显著影响(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加苜蓿多糖对公鸡和母鸡的生长性能无显著影响,但能够改善公鸡和母鸡的屠宰性能、肉品质和血清抗氧化性能,且苜蓿多糖的适宜添加量为1 000mg/kg。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of Medicago sativa polysaccharides on growth performance, slaughtering performance, meat quality and antioxidant performance of broilers of different genders. 468 1-day-old Ebayi plus (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 3 groups with 12 repeats in each group (6 repeats in male and female) and 13 chickens in each group. Group 1 was fed with basal diet, group 2 and group 3 were fed with 1 000 mg/kg and 2 000 mg/kg polysaccharide respectively for 42 d. The results showed that: 1) compared with the control group, 1) the average body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed weight ratio and slaughtering rate of roosters and hens treated with 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg Medicago polysaccharides were compared with those of the control group. There was no significant effect on leg muscle rate and abdominal fat rate (P 0.05), but the total evisceration rate and breast muscle rate of hens were significantly increased (P 0.05). The breast muscle rate of rooster was significantly increased by adding 2 000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharide (P 0.05). 2) the breast muscle p H45 min of 1 000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharide group (P 0.05) was significantly increased (P 0.05), and the breast muscle pH of rooster breast muscle was significantly increased (P 0.05). The water drop loss rate of breast muscle of rooster and hen and the loss rate of breast muscle cooking of rooster decreased significantly (P 0.05). The water drop loss rate of breast muscle of rooster and hen and the loss rate of breast muscle cooking of rooster decreased significantly in 2000 mg/kg alfalfa polysaccharide group (group 3). The loss rate of leg muscle drop of rooster and hen in 1000 mg/kg alfalfa polysaccharide group and hens leg muscle drip loss rate were significantly lower than those of control group (P 0.05). The loss rate of leg muscle drop of rooster and hen was significantly decreased (P 0.05). The shear force of hens leg muscle decreased significantly (P 0.05). The leg muscle of hens increased significantly at 24 h (P 0.05). The loss rate of leg muscle drip and shear power of hens in 2000 mg/kg alfalfa polysaccharide group were significantly decreased (P 0.05). 3) the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of 21 day old roosters in 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharides groups was significantly increased (P 0.05), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of 21 day old roosters was significantly increased (P 0.05). The serum T-AOC of 35 and 42-day-old hens in 2000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharide group was significantly higher than that of 42-day-old hens (P 0.05). The activity of GSH-Px in serum of 28-day-old roosters and hens was significantly increased in 2000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharide group (P 0.05). The activities of T-SOD in serum of 21 and 35 day old hens were significantly increased in 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharides groups (P 0.05). However, there was no significant effect on the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) (MDA) in serum of roosters and hens by adding 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg Medicago polysaccharides to diet (P 0.05). In addition, adding 1 000 and 2 000 mg/kg Medicago sativa polysaccharides to diet had no significant effect on T AOC, T-SOD and T-SOD activities and MDA content in liver and breast muscle of roosters and hens (P 0.05). To sum up, the addition of alfalfa polysaccharide to the diet had no significant effect on the growth performance of roosters and hens, but it could improve the slaughtering performance, meat quality and serum antioxidant performance of roosters and hens, and the suitable addition of Medicago sativa polysaccharide was 1 000 mg 路kg ~ (- 1) 路L ~ (- 1) 路kg ~ (- 1).
【作者单位】：山西农业大学动物科技学院;中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD10B04) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS08)
【分类号】：S831.5

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