草甸草原封育演替过程中主要植物种群生态位动态分析

发布时间：2019-06-03 09:23

【摘要】：为探明呼伦贝尔草甸草原生态位的动态变化规律,运用Corwell修正的生态位宽度指数和Pianka生态位重叠指数,分析呼伦贝尔草甸草原封育演替过程中植物种群生态位动态。结果表明:羊草(Leymus chinensis)、硬质早熟禾(Poa sphondylodes)、糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)生态位总宽度高于其他物种。封育第1、3、5、7年草地生态位宽度最大的物种分别为硬质早熟禾、羊草、长梗韭(Allium neriniflorum)、羊草。不同封育年限羊草的生态位宽度一直处于较高的地位,随封育年限延长,硬质早熟禾和糙隐子草生态位宽度逐渐降低,而长梗韭、麻花头(Serratula centauroides)、小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)生态位宽度呈上升趋势,禾本科优势地位降低。随着围栏封育时间的增加草地群落中植物种群之间竞争加剧,产生生态位分化,随后竞争减缓,群落向着稳定状态发展。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the dynamic changes of the ecological niche of the grassland in the Hulunber meadow, the ecological niche of the plant population was analyzed by using the ecological niche width index and the Pianka ecological niche overlap index. The results showed that the total width of the ecological niche of Leymus chinensis, Poa sophyllylodes and Cleistgenes squarrosa was higher than that of other species. The first, the third, the fifth and the seventh year of the first, the third, the fifth and the seventh year, the most important species of the grassland ecological niche were the hard precocious grass, the Leymus chinensis, the Allium neriniflolum, and the Leymus chinensis. The ecological niche breadth of Leymus chinensis has been in a higher position in different sealing years, and the ecological niche breadth of the hard and coarse grass is gradually reduced with the length of the sealing, while the ecological niche breadth of the caragana microphyla is on the rise. The dominant position of Gramineae is reduced. With the increasing of the time of the fence, the competition between the plant population in the grass community is intensified, the ecological niche differentiation is generated, then the competition is slowed down, and the community is developed towards the stable state.
【作者单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院;内蒙古辉河国家级自然保护区管理局;
【基金】：国家公益性行业(环保)科研专项“北方重要生态功能区生态限制与安全性技术评价研究”(201109025)
【分类号】：S812

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