秸秆打捆机自动控制系统的研究

发布时间：2019-06-11 20:14

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断进步,工业机械自动化正在迅猛发展。自动化的发展程度对于一个国家工业而言,起着至关重要的作用。同时自动化设备的广泛应用,也在很大程度上改善了人们的生活水平。作为机械自动化的一个重要组成部分,农业机械自动化是未来农业机械发展的必然趋势。在整个农业机械自动化发展进程中,秸秆打捆机的自动化是其重要组成部分。玉米秸秆打捆机是针对玉米秸秆收获而研制的,但是国内的秸秆打捆机自动化程度偏低。本论文正是针对这一现象,对秸秆打捆机的自动控制方面进行研究及改进,形成新的高效率的秸秆打捆自动控制机械设备,从而达到节约劳动力,降低劳动成本的目标。本论文以STC90C516RD单片机作为秸秆打捆机自动控制系统的核心,通过触摸屏显示控制打捆机的实时工作状态,同时对打捆工作进行计数,对缠网圈数进行预设。通过传感器检测并实时向单片机传递检测信号,实现对秸秆打捆机的自动控制。单片机、触摸屏、传感器等自动化设备的恰当应用,使得打捆机的自动化程度提高。在前期的论文准备过程中,阅读分析的大量文献资料,通过对这些资料的整合,提出了对秸秆打捆机自动控制系统的研究方案。利用自动化控制元件与秸秆打捆机的机械部件的配合,实现秸秆打捆机工作自动控制的目的。同时对现有的秸秆打捆机实体的研究,针对此打捆机的控制系统进行改进,调整。本文的主要内容有,单片机与触摸屏的通讯,论文详细的研究了触摸屏的工作原理,并实现对触摸屏的开发,并通过RS232协议实现与单片机的连接,从而达到实时的向触摸屏传递秸秆打捆机的工作状态,并通过触摸屏向单片机传递操作指令,实现打捆圈数预设,控制打捆机工作进程。传感器的准确应用也是论文的研究重点,本文主要采用了霍尔传感器、接近开关传感器、光电传感器等传感器设备。实现在秸秆打捆机工作过程中,打捆机的每个动作节拍都可以被传感器检测到,并将信号传递到单片机进行处理,从而使得秸秆打捆机的工作步骤实现自动化控制。通过对控制系统的实验模拟与改进,实现秸秆打捆机的自动控制的相关要求。经过不断地测试与分析,对打捆机控制系统未来的发展和研究奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the automation of industrial machinery is developing rapidly. The degree of automation is of vital importance for a national industry. At the same time, the wide application of the automation equipment also greatly improves the living standard of people. As an important part of mechanical automation, the automation of agricultural machinery is the inevitable trend of the development of agricultural machinery in the future. The automation of the straw baler is an important part of the whole agricultural machinery automatic development process. The corn straw baler is developed for the harvesting of the corn straw, but the automatic degree of the straw baler in China is low. This paper aims at this phenomenon, and studies and improves the automatic control of the straw baler, and forms a new high-efficiency straw bale automatic control mechanical equipment, thus achieving the goal of saving the labor force and reducing the labor cost. The paper uses the STC90C516RD as the core of the automatic control system of the straw baler, and displays the real-time working state of the baler through the touch screen, and counts the bundling work, and presets the number of winding wires. And the sensor detects and transmits a detection signal to the singlechip in real time to realize the automatic control of the straw baler. The proper application of the automatic equipment such as the single-chip computer, the touch screen, the sensor and the like makes the degree of automation of the baler improved. In the course of the preparation of the paper, the paper puts forward the research scheme of the automatic control system of the straw baler through the whole combination of these data. The purpose of automatic control of the work of the straw baler is realized by the cooperation of the automatic control element and the mechanical part of the straw baler. At the same time, the research of the existing straw baler entity is carried out, and the control system of the baler is modified and adjusted. The main content of this paper is that the communication between the single-chip computer and the touch screen, the working principle of the touch screen is studied in detail, the development of the touch screen is realized, and the connection with the single-chip microcomputer is realized through the RS232 protocol, so that the working state of the straw baler can be transmitted to the touch screen in real time, And the operation instruction is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer through the touch screen, so that the preset number of turns of the bundling turns is realized, and the working process of the baler is controlled. The accurate application of the sensor is also the research focus of the paper. The paper mainly adopts the Hall sensor, the proximity switch sensor, the photoelectric sensor and other sensor equipment. In that proces of the operation of the straw baler, each action beat of the baler can be detected by the sensor, and the signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer to be processed, so that the working procedure of the straw baler can be automatically controlled. Through the experiment simulation and improvement of the control system, the related requirements of the automatic control of the straw baler are realized. After the test and analysis, the paper lays a foundation for the future development and research of the baler control system.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S817.115

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