放牧对短花针茅荒漠草原主要植物种群及群落地上现存量稳定性的影响

发布时间：2019-07-03 10:20

【摘要】：对荒漠草原主要植物种群和群落地上现存量及其比例关系进行研究以探讨放牧对荒漠草原的影响,结果表明:放牧对主要植物种群和群落地上现存量的影响大于对其比例关系的影响,放牧区3个主要植物种群地上现存量占群落地上现存量的比例最高可达94.40%;受放牧影响,主要植物种群对群落稳定性的主导作用变为决定作用;放牧对建群种短花针茅的影响强烈,导致其对水分的需求表现更为强烈,同时对高温的耐受性下降。自由放牧导致荒漠草原退化的原因可归结为:自由放牧使主要植物种群及群落对降水的需求程度和对高温的耐受程度均发生变化,从而导致其对外界干扰的抵抗能力和干扰后的可恢复能力下降,最终表现为群落植被稳定性降低,草地发生逆行演替。
[Abstract]:The effects of grazing on the present stock of main plant populations and populations in desert steppe were studied in order to explore the effect of grazing on the present stock of main plant populations and populations in desert steppe. The results showed that the effect of grazing on the present stock of main plant populations and populations was greater than that on the proportion relationship, and the proportion of above ground stock of three main plant populations in grazing area was as high as 94.40%. Under the influence of grazing, the dominant effect of main plant populations on community stability became decisive, and grazing had a strong effect on the construction of Festuca breviflora, which led to a stronger demand for water and a decrease in tolerance to high temperature. The reasons for the degradation of desert steppe caused by free grazing can be summarized as follows: free grazing changes the demand of main plant populations and communities for precipitation and tolerance to high temperature, which leads to the decrease of resistance to external disturbance and the ability to recover after disturbance, and finally shows that the stability of community vegetation is decreased and grassland is retrograde succession.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院;内蒙古农业大学理学院;内蒙古林业科学研究院;中国农业科学院草原研究所;
【基金】：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2015MS0349) 国家自然科学基金项目(31460126) 国家重点基础研究计划项目(2014CB138800)
【分类号】：S812

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