基于GIS和地统计学的武功山山地草甸土壤养分空间变异研究
发布时间：2019-07-03 14:58
【摘要】：为研究江西省萍乡市武功山山地草甸土壤养分的空间变异状况,本文以武功山核心景区的金顶至吊马桩区域块状山地草甸为研究对象,对武功山金顶景区草甸土壤上(0-20cm)和下(20-40cm)两层土壤进行采样,并运用ASI土壤养分状况系统分析法测定,采用常规统计和地统计学进行了土壤养分空间变异分析研究,研究基于GIS进行了克里金插值成图,通过对土壤养分的分布特征以及空间变异研究分析,细致的了解试验区草甸土壤养分状况和揭示武功山试验区草甸土壤养分的空间变异规律,为武功山退化山地草甸恢复中的养分精准管理和科学施肥提供重要依据,为亚热带地区退化山地草甸植被恢复技术及丰富亚热带山地草甸养分管理理论提供借鉴和科学参考。主要分析结论如下:(1)武功山金顶试验区区域土壤养分描述性统计分析结果试验区草甸土壤总体上是偏酸性,土壤大体属于2类有机质土壤,草甸土壤中的各种养分在草甸平面分布大都发生了局部不稳定的现象,描述性统计分析草甸土壤养分不足以确切说明该地区草甸养分状况;基于ASI土壤养分分析系统的分级状况,试验样地草甸土壤中的大部分土壤养分元素含量总体处于偏低水平,除了草甸土壤中的速效氮(铵态氮和硝态氮之和)、有效铁、有效硫在在土壤的垂直深度和有效锌的在草甸土上层均表现为较为丰富的状况,其他养分元素均表现为不同程度的缺乏状态,且大部分处于中等或重度缺乏的状态。(2)武功山金顶试验区区域土壤养分空间变异分析结果试验区草甸的上层土壤各种养分的空间自相关距A0的从大到小的顺序是:有机质硝态氮200m有效锰=有效钙=速效钾有效铜100m有效镁有效磷土壤pH有效硼有效硫30m铵态氮活性酸有效铁有效锌,最大的为有机质的变程为474.6m,最小的为有效锌为11.5m,变程小于30m的养分分别为铵态氮、活性酸、有效铁、有效锌;下层土壤各种养分的空间自相关距A0的从大到小的顺序是:有效硼有机质200m速效钾=有效钙活性酸硝态氮土壤pH100m有效镁有效硫有效磷有效铜30m有效锌铵态氮有效锰有效铁,试验区草甸上、下层土壤养分的空间自相关距离比采样距离大的养分占多数,说明本次取样间距较为合理有效,大多数养分空间结构较为区块化,而铵态氮、有效锌和有效铁这三种养分在草甸土壤中的区块化分布较弱。试验区草甸上层土壤中各种养分的空间自相关性系数(C0/C0+C)排序:有效锰有效钙速效钾75%有效铜硝态氮有机质25%有效磷有效硫铵态氮活性酸有效锌有效镁有效铁有效硼pH的趋势;试验区下层草甸各种土壤养分的空间自相关性系数(C0/C0+C)排序:有效钙速效钾75%有效硼硝态氮有机质活性酸pH25%有效铜有效磷有效锌有效铁铵态氮有效硫有效锰有效镁;试验区土壤养分空间自相关性系数大于75%的区间中可以看出上层草甸土壤中有效锰、有效钙、速效钾,下层中有效钙、速效钾均属于弱的空间相关性,说明这些养分空间变异主要受到人类活动的影响,如旅游活动、垃圾污染、人为放牧等;试验区土壤养分空间自相关性系数小于25%的区间中,上层草甸土壤中有效磷、有效硫、铵态氮、活性酸、有效锌、有效镁、有效铁、有效硼和pH,下层草甸土壤中有效铜、有效磷、有效锌、有效铁、铵态氮、有效硫、有效锰、有效镁均表现为空间相关性强,说明影响其养分空间变异的主要因素是自然因素,如山体气候、地形等;总体上看目前武功山主景区试验区山地草甸主要土壤养分受到自然因素影响的比例稍大于人类因素,但人类活动对土壤养分空间结构影响剧烈,不容忽视。(3)武功山金顶试验区区域土壤养分空间插值图分析结果通过普通克里格空间插值,选用最佳的插值模型进行处理,绘制出上下两层土壤各种养分在金顶区和吊马桩区以及中间的V型谷的空间变异分布,出图呈现出两层土壤养分在金顶、吊马桩和V型谷之间都具有地区差异性,且在金顶的南北东西四个方向的坡地也有差异性分布,多种养分在金顶的旅游经营区和正常草甸区也有较大的差异,在金顶和V型谷均出现了含量较高的集中区,在垂直深度上养分相关度较高,但上层土壤养分的碎片化分布程度稍高于下层,综合分析,这种差异的原因主要为海拔、地形、旅游活动、土壤垂直发育等因素(4)武功山金顶试验区区域土壤养分之间的相关分析结果武功山草甸的上、下层土壤中,除了有效硼和有效铁大部分土壤养分之间存在着显著或者极显著的正或者负相关关系,说明养分之间的关系不是独立存在的,而是相互影响和制约的,大量养分和微量的养分之间也存在密切相关,这种互相关系有利于进行养分管理工作,可以在具体的土壤的理化性质改良时采取相应的科学措施。
[Abstract]:In order to study the spatial variation of soil nutrients in the mountain meadows of Wugong Mountain in the Wugong Mountain, Jiangxi Province, this paper takes the gold-top of the core scenic spot of Wugong Mountain to the block-block mountain meadow in the area of the crane, and samples the two-layer soil (0-20cm) and the lower (20-40 cm) soil in the meadow soil of the Jinding scenic area of Wugong Mountain. In this paper, the analysis of soil nutrient spatial variation was carried out by using ASI soil nutrient condition system analysis method, and the analysis of soil nutrient spatial variation was carried out by conventional statistics and geostatistics. The soil nutrient status of the meadow soil and the spatial variation rule of the soil nutrients in the meadow soil in the Wugong Mountain are studied in detail, and the important basis for the accurate management of the nutrient and the scientific fertilization in the restoration of the degraded mountain meadow in the Wugong Mountain is provided. In order to provide reference and scientific reference for the vegetation restoration technology of degraded mountain meadows in the subtropical region and the theory of nutrient management in the rich and subtropical mountain meadows. The main results of the analysis are as follows: (1) The soil nutrient descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of the regional soil in the Jinding test area of Wugong Mountain are as follows: The soil nutrient of the meadow soil is not enough to indicate the nutrient status of the meadow in the meadow soil, and the soil nutrients in the meadow soil are not enough to indicate the nutrient status of the meadow in this area. The content of most of the soil nutrients in the soil of the test-like meadow is at a low level, in addition to the quick-acting nitrogen (and the sum of the nitrogen and the nitrate) of the meadow soil, the effective iron, The effective sulfur is rich in the vertical depth of the soil and the upper layer of the effective zinc in the upper layer of the meadow soil, and the other nutrient elements are in a lack of different degrees, and most of the effective sulfur is in the state of moderate or severe deficiency. (2) The spatial variation of soil nutrient spatial variation in the region of Jinding test area of Wugong Mountain is as follows: the effective amount of the effective amount of the active iron and the effective amount of the active iron is 474.6 m, the minimum amount of the effective zinc is 11.5m, and the nutrient content of less than 30 m is nitrite nitrogen, the active acid, the effective iron and the effective zinc; the order of the spatial self-correlation distance A0 of the various nutrients in the lower layer of the soil from large to small is that the effective boron organic matter is 200 m quick-acting potassium, the effective calcium active acid nitrate soil pH 100m is effective, the effective magnesium is effective, the effective copper is effective, the effective amount of the effective copper is 30 m, the effective amount of the effective zinc and the effective manganese is effectively iron, The spatial self-correlation distance of the soil nutrients in the upper and lower layers of the test area is higher than that of the sampling distance, which indicates that the sampling interval is more reasonable and effective, and most of the nutrient spatial structure is relatively block, and the nitrogen of the soil is high. The distribution of the effective zinc and the effective iron in the meadow soil is weak. The spatial self-correlation coefficient (C0/ C0 + C) of various nutrients in the upper soil of the meadows in the experimental area is sorted by the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective The spatial self-correlation coefficient (C0/ C0 + C) of various soil nutrients in the lower-layer meadow in the test area is sorted by the effective calcium quick-acting potassium 75% effective boron nitrate nitrogen organic matter active acid pH 25% effective copper effective zinc effective zinc effective zinc effective manganese effective magnesium; The self-correlation coefficient of soil nutrient space in the experimental area is more than 75%. It can be seen that the effective amount of manganese, effective calcium, available potassium in the soil of the upper-layer meadow, the effective calcium in the lower layer and the quick-acting potassium belong to the weak spatial correlation, which indicates that the spatial variation of these nutrients is mainly influenced by human activities. such as tourism activity, garbage pollution, artificial grazing, etc., the soil nutrient space of the experimental area is less than 25%, the effective phosphorus, the effective sulfur, the active acid, the active acid, the effective zinc, the effective magnesium, the effective iron, the effective boron and the pH in the upper-layer meadow soil, The effective copper, effective phosphorus, effective zinc, effective iron, nitrogen, effective sulfur, effective manganese and effective magnesium in the lower-layer meadow soil show that the spatial correlation is strong, and the main factors affecting the variation of nutrient space are natural factors, such as mountain climate, terrain and so on; In general, the proportion of the main soil nutrients in the mountain meadow in the main area of the main scenic area of the Wugong Mountain is slightly larger than that of the human factors, but the influence of human activities on the soil nutrient spatial structure can not be ignored. and (3) the analysis result of the soil nutrient spatial interpolation graph of the regional soil nutrient space in the Jinding test area of the Wugong Mountain is subjected to the ordinary Kriging space interpolation, and the optimal interpolation model is selected for processing, so that the spatial variation distribution of the various nutrients of the upper and lower layers of soil in the golden top area and the hanging horse pile area and the middle V-type valley is drawn, The plot shows that the two layers of soil nutrients have regional differences between the gold top, the crane horse and the V-type valley, and the slope in the four directions of the north and the south of the gold roof also has a difference distribution, and a plurality of nutrients also have a great difference in the tourism operation area and the normal meadow area of the gold top, In both the Jinding and the V-type valley, the concentration area with high content is found, the nutrient correlation is high in the vertical depth, but the fragmentation distribution of the upper soil nutrient is slightly higher than that of the lower layer and the comprehensive analysis, the reason for this difference is mainly the altitude, the terrain, the tourism activity, The correlation analysis between soil nutrients in the area of Wugong Mountain Jinding test area and other factors (4) is that in the upper and lower soil of Wugong Mountain Meadow, there is a significant or very significant positive or negative correlation between the effective boron and most of the soil nutrients in the effective iron. the relationship between nutrients is not independent, but is influenced and restricted, and there is also a close relationship between a large amount of nutrients and a trace of nutrients, which is beneficial to the management of nutrients, And corresponding scientific measures can be taken when the physical and chemical properties of the specific soil are improved.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S812.2
[Abstract]:In order to study the spatial variation of soil nutrients in the mountain meadows of Wugong Mountain in the Wugong Mountain, Jiangxi Province, this paper takes the gold-top of the core scenic spot of Wugong Mountain to the block-block mountain meadow in the area of the crane, and samples the two-layer soil (0-20cm) and the lower (20-40 cm) soil in the meadow soil of the Jinding scenic area of Wugong Mountain. In this paper, the analysis of soil nutrient spatial variation was carried out by using ASI soil nutrient condition system analysis method, and the analysis of soil nutrient spatial variation was carried out by conventional statistics and geostatistics. The soil nutrient status of the meadow soil and the spatial variation rule of the soil nutrients in the meadow soil in the Wugong Mountain are studied in detail, and the important basis for the accurate management of the nutrient and the scientific fertilization in the restoration of the degraded mountain meadow in the Wugong Mountain is provided. In order to provide reference and scientific reference for the vegetation restoration technology of degraded mountain meadows in the subtropical region and the theory of nutrient management in the rich and subtropical mountain meadows. The main results of the analysis are as follows: (1) The soil nutrient descriptive statistics and statistical analysis of the regional soil in the Jinding test area of Wugong Mountain are as follows: The soil nutrient of the meadow soil is not enough to indicate the nutrient status of the meadow in the meadow soil, and the soil nutrients in the meadow soil are not enough to indicate the nutrient status of the meadow in this area. The content of most of the soil nutrients in the soil of the test-like meadow is at a low level, in addition to the quick-acting nitrogen (and the sum of the nitrogen and the nitrate) of the meadow soil, the effective iron, The effective sulfur is rich in the vertical depth of the soil and the upper layer of the effective zinc in the upper layer of the meadow soil, and the other nutrient elements are in a lack of different degrees, and most of the effective sulfur is in the state of moderate or severe deficiency. (2) The spatial variation of soil nutrient spatial variation in the region of Jinding test area of Wugong Mountain is as follows: the effective amount of the effective amount of the active iron and the effective amount of the active iron is 474.6 m, the minimum amount of the effective zinc is 11.5m, and the nutrient content of less than 30 m is nitrite nitrogen, the active acid, the effective iron and the effective zinc; the order of the spatial self-correlation distance A0 of the various nutrients in the lower layer of the soil from large to small is that the effective boron organic matter is 200 m quick-acting potassium, the effective calcium active acid nitrate soil pH 100m is effective, the effective magnesium is effective, the effective copper is effective, the effective amount of the effective copper is 30 m, the effective amount of the effective zinc and the effective manganese is effectively iron, The spatial self-correlation distance of the soil nutrients in the upper and lower layers of the test area is higher than that of the sampling distance, which indicates that the sampling interval is more reasonable and effective, and most of the nutrient spatial structure is relatively block, and the nitrogen of the soil is high. The distribution of the effective zinc and the effective iron in the meadow soil is weak. The spatial self-correlation coefficient (C0/ C0 + C) of various nutrients in the upper soil of the meadows in the experimental area is sorted by the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective amount of the effective The spatial self-correlation coefficient (C0/ C0 + C) of various soil nutrients in the lower-layer meadow in the test area is sorted by the effective calcium quick-acting potassium 75% effective boron nitrate nitrogen organic matter active acid pH 25% effective copper effective zinc effective zinc effective zinc effective manganese effective magnesium; The self-correlation coefficient of soil nutrient space in the experimental area is more than 75%. It can be seen that the effective amount of manganese, effective calcium, available potassium in the soil of the upper-layer meadow, the effective calcium in the lower layer and the quick-acting potassium belong to the weak spatial correlation, which indicates that the spatial variation of these nutrients is mainly influenced by human activities. such as tourism activity, garbage pollution, artificial grazing, etc., the soil nutrient space of the experimental area is less than 25%, the effective phosphorus, the effective sulfur, the active acid, the active acid, the effective zinc, the effective magnesium, the effective iron, the effective boron and the pH in the upper-layer meadow soil, The effective copper, effective phosphorus, effective zinc, effective iron, nitrogen, effective sulfur, effective manganese and effective magnesium in the lower-layer meadow soil show that the spatial correlation is strong, and the main factors affecting the variation of nutrient space are natural factors, such as mountain climate, terrain and so on; In general, the proportion of the main soil nutrients in the mountain meadow in the main area of the main scenic area of the Wugong Mountain is slightly larger than that of the human factors, but the influence of human activities on the soil nutrient spatial structure can not be ignored. and (3) the analysis result of the soil nutrient spatial interpolation graph of the regional soil nutrient space in the Jinding test area of the Wugong Mountain is subjected to the ordinary Kriging space interpolation, and the optimal interpolation model is selected for processing, so that the spatial variation distribution of the various nutrients of the upper and lower layers of soil in the golden top area and the hanging horse pile area and the middle V-type valley is drawn, The plot shows that the two layers of soil nutrients have regional differences between the gold top, the crane horse and the V-type valley, and the slope in the four directions of the north and the south of the gold roof also has a difference distribution, and a plurality of nutrients also have a great difference in the tourism operation area and the normal meadow area of the gold top, In both the Jinding and the V-type valley, the concentration area with high content is found, the nutrient correlation is high in the vertical depth, but the fragmentation distribution of the upper soil nutrient is slightly higher than that of the lower layer and the comprehensive analysis, the reason for this difference is mainly the altitude, the terrain, the tourism activity, The correlation analysis between soil nutrients in the area of Wugong Mountain Jinding test area and other factors (4) is that in the upper and lower soil of Wugong Mountain Meadow, there is a significant or very significant positive or negative correlation between the effective boron and most of the soil nutrients in the effective iron. the relationship between nutrients is not independent, but is influenced and restricted, and there is also a close relationship between a large amount of nutrients and a trace of nutrients, which is beneficial to the management of nutrients, And corresponding scientific measures can be taken when the physical and chemical properties of the specific soil are improved.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S812.2
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 冯晓;乔淑;胡峰;马中杰;;土壤养分空间变异研究进展[J];湖北农业科学;2010年07期
2 姜丽娜,符建荣,范浩定;水网平原稻田土壤养分空间变异特性研究[J];中国水稻科学;2005年02期
3 陈署晃;马兴旺;许咏梅;何生丽;郭海峰;李毳;严莉;李平;蒋文;杨红丽;;乌鲁木齐县蔬菜地土壤养分空间变异研究[J];新疆农业科学;2006年01期
4 盛建东;肖华;武红旗;陈冰;王军;杨新建;田建华;杨朔;钱文东;杨艳;;不同取样间距农田土壤全量养分空间变异特征研究[J];土壤通报;2006年06期
5 王冠;张力仁;;玉米精准作业系统中土壤养分空间变异图的制作技术研究[J];安徽农业科学;2008年32期
6 王仕t，
本文编号：2509478
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2509478.html
