两种母鸡繁殖生理的比较及影响卵泡发育相关因素的研究

发布时间：2021-10-13 01:22

　　由于技术改革,在过去的三十年里中国的养禽业取得巨大的发展。这促使中国成为世界上最大的禽蛋和禽肉生产国。此外,养禽业也满足国家的13.5亿人民的营养需求与优质蛋白质的供给。中国家禽业主要依赖于饲养本地品种和进口品种的肉用型和蛋用型鸡。鸡蛋的生物学价值全面,含有大量的维生素、矿物质及质美价廉的蛋白质。由于国家经济的多重上涨,消费者的购买力增加,这显示出对家禽产品的市场需求。FAO预测未来十年人均鸡肉消费量从11.2/kg/年增加到13.8/kg/年。很明显消费者喜欢的地方品种鸡,因其低产性能这将很难应对家禽产品的供应和需求。只能通过与高产的商品蛋鸡进行比较,进而识别阻碍地方品种生产性能的生物因子,然后通过品种的选育来平衡地方品种鸡的不足。家禽的生产性能主要是取决于卵泡发育,因此有必要深入研究卵泡发育的调节机理以及通过其调控来改进品种。本文旨在比较传统地方品种鸡与商业蛋鸡的差异,建立卵泡的体外培养体系,研究生长因子对卵泡发育的调控作用,为进一步调高地方品种蛋鸡的产蛋性能提供理论依据。1.高产和低产品种蛋鸡肝脏和卵巢发育的比较为了比较高产和低产两种不同品种蛋鸡的产蛋性能的差异,在实验一中我们比... 

【文章来源】：浙江大学浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：95 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
ABBREVIATIONS
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Review of literatures
    2.1 Poultry industry in China
    2.2 Effect of intense selection on the reproductive physiology of hens
    2.3 The reproductive system of hens
        2.3.1 Follicles
        2.3.2 The post ovulatory follicles
    2.4 Factors affecting the growth of follicles
    2.5 Factors promoting primordial follicular development
        2.5.1 Kit ligand(KL,stem cell factor,SCF)
        2.5.2 Leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF)
        2.5.3 Bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4)
        2.5.4 BMP7
        2.5.5 Platelet-derived growth factor(PDGF)
        2.5.6 Basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)
        2.5.7 Anti-Miillerian hormone
    2.6 Structure of egg and its composition
    2.7 Mechanism and components of lipoprotein transport
        2.7.1 LDL receptor relatives in the chicken
        2.7.2 Mammalian low density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR)
        2.7.3 Avian LDLR ortholog
        2.7.4 Chicken VLDL receptor structure and functions
        2.7.5 Receptor-mediated endocytosis
        2.7.6 The chicken oocyte receptor for VLDL
    2.8 Vitellogenin within the endosomes
        2.8.1 Vitellogenesis
        2.8.2 Folliculogenesis and oocytes maturation
        2.8.3 Receptors for vitellogenin:biochemical studies
        2.8.4 Restricted ovulator(R/O)and VTG and VLDL receptor
        2.8.5 Clathrin mediated endocytosis
Chapter 3 The morphological comparison of high and low producing breeds of hens
    Abstract
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and Methods
        3.2.1 Animals
        3.2.2 Sample selection
        3.2.3 Histological analysis
        3.2.4 Morphological measurement of the ovary and oviduct
        3.2.5 Follicular density measurement
        3.2.6 Scatistics
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Morphological difference of organs
        3.3.2 Follicular densities per unit section in each hen
        3.3.3 Histollgy of liver,ovary and oviduct
        3.3.4 Egg quality parameters s
    3.4 Discussion
Chapter 4 Isolation and culture of the primordial follicles
    Abstract
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Material and Methods
        4.2.1 Animals
        4.2.2 Ovarian tissue collection
        4.2.3 Isolation of the follicles
        4.2.4 Follicular live and dead assay
        4.2.5 Haemotoxlin and Eosin staining
        4.2.6 Follicular culturing conditions
        4.2.7 Preparation of the alginate beads
        4.2.8 Statistical analysis
    4.3 Results
        4.3.1 Recovery number of the primordial follicles
        4.3.2 Follicular viability assay
        4.3.3 Follicular morphology
        4.3.4 Culturing conditions
        4.3.5 Characterization of the follicles
    4.4 Discussion
Chapter 5 Effect of leukemia inhibitory factor on the growth of follicles
    Abstract
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Material and Methods
        5.2.1 Ovarian tissues from the 14 days chickens
        5.2.2 Ovarian tissues from the 35 days chickens
        5.2.3 Culture of small yellow follicle
        5.2.4 Bromodeoxyuridine incorporation
    5.3 Results
        5.3.1 H & E staining
        5.3.2 BrdU staining
        5.3.3 Presence of LIF factor in tissues
    5.4 Discussion
Chapter 6 Overall discussion,conclusion and novelty
    6.1 Overall discussion
    6.2 Conclusion
    6.3 Novelties
References
List of publications



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