印度尼西亚地方鸡种和原鸡的微卫星DNA分子遗传评价

发布时间：2022-01-12 17:00

　　地方鸡种因长期的自然适应和人工选择来不断改良其生产能力,所以它们在印度尼西亚家禽生产中发挥着极其重要的作用。印度尼西亚拥有许多众所周知的定名和未被描述的地方鸡品种,现已报道的品种有31个,其中较为著名的包括Pelung、Black Kedu、White Kedu、Kapas、Cemani、Arab、Merawang、Kate、Gaok、Sentul、Wareng、 Nunukan、Tolaki、Tukong、Ayuni和Janturo本研究从印度尼西亚主要岛屿采集了71个地方鸡品种、商业蛋用及肉用鸡和原鸡群体共1498份样品,利用多聚酶链式反应对20个微卫星DNA标记的基因型进行了测定；旨在评价其分子遗传多样性、种群遗传结构和群体间的遗传关系。结果表明在全部71个群体的20个微卫星基因座上共检测到277个等位基因,群体内每个基因座上的平均等位基因数介于1.55和7.60之间,地方鸡群体内的杂合度要高于商业品种和原鸡群体,而原鸡和商业鸡群体内较少的等位基因应与其有限数量的祖先个体及因群体碎化所引起的遗传多样性损失有关。进一步采用贝叶氏算法对个体的基因组背景进行剖分（2≤K≤20）,来认识... 

【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市

【文章页数】：126 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
ABSTRACT
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
    LITERATURE REVIEW
        1.1 Taxonomic classification of chicken
        1.2 Archeological studies and domestication
            1.2.1 Red jungle-fowl(Gallus gallus gallus)
            1.2.2 Green Jungle-fowl
        1.3 Characteristic of Indonesian indigenous chicken
            1.3.1 Kampung chicken
            1.3.2 Cemani chicken
            1.3.3 Kedu Hitam chicken
            1.3.4 Kedu Putih chicken
            1.3.5 Kapas chicken
            1.3.6 Arab chicken
            1.3.7 Merawang chicken
            1.3.8 Kate chicken
            1.3.9 Gaok chicken
            1.3.10 Sentul chicken
            1.3.11 Nunukan chicken
            1.3.12 Kalosi chicken
            1.3.13 Tolaki chicken
        1.4. Characterization of indigenous chicken
            1.4.1 Phenotypic characterization
            1.4.2 Genotypic characterization
                1.4.2.1 Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
                1.4.2.2 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis
                1.4.2.3 Random amplified polymorphim DNA (RAPD)
                1.4.2.4 Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)
                1.4.2.5 Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs)
                1.4.2.6 Microsatellite marker
        1.5 Statistical Analysis
            1.5.1 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE)
            1.5.2 Genetic diversity
            1.5.3 Genetic relationship between populations
                1.5.3.1 Construction of phylogeny
                1.5.3.2 Principal component analysis (PCA)
                1.5.3.3 Factorial correspondence analysis (FCA)
                1.5.3.4 Standardized variance in allele frequencies among populations (F_(ST))
                1.5.3.5 Population structure
    RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
CHAPTER II MATERIALS AND METHODS
    2.1 Sample collection
    2.2 Materials
        2.2.1 Equipment and consumables
        2.2.2 Chemicals
        2.2.3 Enzymes
    2.3 Methodology
        2.3.1 Blood sample collection
        2.3.2 Isolation and extraction of genomic DNA
        2.3.3 DNA concentration and quality determination
        2.3.4 Microsatellite loci
        2.3.5 Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification
        2.3.6 PCR quality determination
        2.3.7 Genotyping of microsatellite
        2.3.8 Data analysis
CHAPTER III RESULTS
    3.1 Extent and distribution of the genetic diversity within chicken population
        3.1.1 Analysis of alleles variation
    3.2 Genetic differentiation
    3.3 Bottleneck within population
    3.4 Population structure
    3.5 Factorial correspondence analysis(FCA)and principal component analysis(PCA)
    3.6 Phylogenetic relationship analysis
CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION
    4.1 Within population genetic diversity
    4.2 Between population genetic diversity
    4.3 Genetic relationship between chicken populations
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CURICULUM VITAE



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