孕期和新生儿期因素与儿童支气管哮喘发病的相关性研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 16:22

本文选题：哮喘　切入点：儿童　出处：《青岛大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的探讨孕期和新生儿期因素与儿童支气管哮喘发病的相关性,为哮喘早期防治提供理论根据。方法以2010年10月至2011年6月在日照市中医医院门诊就诊或住院的295例0-14岁哮喘患儿为研究对象,每例选配1名同性别、同民族、来自同一社区、年龄相差不超过1周岁的健康儿童作为对照组。采用问卷调查的方式,对两组母亲孕期相关因素(孕期被动吸烟、孕期吸烟、早孕反应、饲养宠物、妊娠高血压综合征、妊娠糖尿病、孕期患呼吸系统疾病史)和新生儿期相关因素(早产、低出生体重、新生儿窒息、机械通气、剖宫产、病理性黄疸、母乳喂养、新生儿期应用抗生素)进行调查,比较哮喘组和正常对照组上述相关因素在统计学方面的差异,进而探讨孕期和新生儿期因素与儿童支气管哮喘发病的相关性。结果分析了295组相配对的对照病例,经卡方检验,差异有显著性可进入回归方程的因素有9个：其中孕期因素有3个(饲养宠物史、妊娠剧吐、孕期被动吸烟)；新生儿期因素有6个(早产、低出生体重、剖宫产、病理性黄疸、母乳喂养、新生儿期应用抗生素)。上述相关因素经多因素Logistic回归分析,儿童哮喘发病的危险因素有：饲养宠物史、妊娠剧吐、孕期被动吸烟、早产、剖宫产、病理性黄疸、新生儿期应用抗生素；保护性因素为：母乳喂养。结论通过研究分析可知饲养宠物史、妊娠剧吐、孕期被动吸烟、早产、剖宫产、病理性黄疸、新生儿期应用抗生素是儿童哮喘的危险因素；母乳喂养则是儿童哮喘发病的保护性因素。如果能对上述危险因素给予预防控制,降低各种危险因素的潜在风险,提倡母乳喂养,对减少儿童哮喘的发病有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the relationship between the factors of pregnancy and newborn and the incidence of bronchial asthma in children, and to provide theoretical basis for early prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods A total of 295 children aged 0-14 years with asthma from October 2010 to June 2011 in Rizhao Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine (Rizhao) were selected as subjects. Each patient was of the same sex, same nationality and from the same community. Healthy children with age difference of less than one year were used as control group. The maternal factors related to pregnancy (passive smoking during pregnancy, smoking during pregnancy, early pregnancy reaction, keeping pets, pregnancy hypertension syndrome) were investigated by questionnaire. Maternal diabetes mellitus, history of respiratory diseases during pregnancy, and neonatal related factors (preterm birth, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, mechanical ventilation, cesarean section, pathological jaundice, breast-feeding, antibiotics at the neonatal stage) were investigated. To compare the statistical differences of the above related factors between the asthma group and the normal control group, and to explore the correlation between the factors of pregnancy and newborn and the incidence of bronchial asthma in children. Results among 295 matched control cases, there were 9 factors that had significant difference in regression equation by chi-square test. Among them, there were 3 factors during pregnancy (pet keeping history, hyperemesis during pregnancy). There were 6 factors in neonatal period (premature delivery, low birth weight, cesarean section, pathological jaundice, breast-feeding, antibiotic application in neonatal period). The above related factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. The risk factors of asthma in children were: history of keeping pets, hyperemesis of pregnancy, passive smoking during pregnancy, premature delivery, cesarean section, pathological jaundice, application of antibiotics in neonatal period, and protective factors: breast-feeding. Conclusion Pet breeding history, hyperemesis during pregnancy, passive smoking during pregnancy, premature delivery, cesarean section, pathological jaundice, antibiotic use in neonatal period are the risk factors of asthma in children. Breast feeding is the protective factor of asthma in children. If we can prevent and control the above risk factors, reduce the potential risk of various risk factors and promote breastfeeding, it is of great significance to reduce the incidence of asthma in children.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R725.6

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