重症监护病房新生儿医院感染特点及危险因素的相关性分析

发布时间：2018-11-24 13:39

【摘要】：目的观察和分析重症监护病房新生儿医院感染特点和危险因素,旨在把控重症监护病房新生儿医院感染,提高医疗质量。方法选取2012年1月-2016年2月重症监护病房新生儿1 135例,其中感染95例;观察两类患儿体质量、胎龄、分娩方式、羊水污染、静脉营养及机械通气、平均住院时间等一般资料,以及标本来源、采集、感染部位、病原菌分布、医院感染因素、抗菌药物应用时间等特点,分析重症监护病房新生儿医院感染风险因素。结果 95例重症监护病房新生儿医院感染者,肺部感染率71.58%,高于血液、口腔、皮肤、结膜和尿路感染,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);检出68株病原菌,革兰阴性菌检出率63.24%,高于革兰阳性菌和真菌,其中肺炎克雷伯菌检出率高于其他病原菌,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);与相对应项比较,体质量(≤1500g)、胎龄(≤30周)、新生儿窒息、静脉营养、机械通气、抗菌药物应用时间(7d)、侵入性操作频率(3次)和住院时间(14d),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);上述因素均是重症监护病房新生儿医院感染的高危独立危险因素,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论观察重症监护病房新生儿医院感染特点、筛查高危因素,有助于掌握医院流行病学资料,根据具体情况制定相应预防对策,提高医院感染控制率。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe and analyze the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in neonates in intensive care unit (ICU) in order to control nosocomial infection in ICU and improve the quality of medical treatment. Methods from January 2012 to February 2016, 1 135 neonates in intensive care unit were selected, including 95 cases of infection. The body mass, gestational age, delivery mode, amniotic fluid contamination, venous nutrition and mechanical ventilation, mean hospital stay, and other general data were observed, as well as sample source, collection, infection site, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, nosocomial infection factors, and so on. The risk factors of neonatal nosocomial infection in intensive care unit were analyzed. Results the pulmonary infection rate of 95 neonatal nosocomial infections in intensive care unit was higher than that of blood, mouth, skin, conjunctiva and urinary tract infection (P0.05). 68 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected. The detection rate of Gram-negative bacteria was 63.24, which was higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The detection rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was higher than that of other pathogens (P0.05). Body mass (鈮，

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