抽动障碍儿童的个性特征及家庭因素的研究

发布时间：2019-07-06 16:09

【摘要】：目的：评估抽动障碍（TD）儿童的个性和家庭情况；探讨TD儿童个性与家庭环境的相关性及家庭等因素对TD儿童个性的影响。方法：采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、家庭环境量表（FES-CV）及自编家庭情况问卷分别对63例TD儿童和62例正常儿童进行评定，，通过卡方检验、t检验比较两组儿童一般家庭情况及EPQ和家庭环境各因子得分。通过t检验比较TD儿童是否共患ADHD的EPQ和家庭环境各因子得分。采用person相关分析对TD儿童的个性和家庭环境各因子进行相关分析。进一步选取个性特征变化明显的精神质和神经质为因变量，以年龄、性别、抽动严重程度、是否共患ADHD及各种家庭因素为自变量进行多重线性回归分析。结果：①两组儿童在养育类型、家庭类型、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度比较，差异均有统计学意义（P0.05）。②两组儿童EPQ得分比较结果：TD组精神质、神经质得分高于对照组，掩饰度得分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）；其中TD组男童精神质得分高于对照组，掩饰度得分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）；TD组女童神经质得分高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。③TD共患ADHD组神经质得分高于单纯TD组，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。④TD组家庭亲密度得分低于对照组，家庭矛盾性得分高于对照组，差异均有明显统计学意义（P0.01）⑤TD共患ADHD组家庭亲密度得分低于单纯TD组，差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。⑥个性与家庭环境相关分析结果：精神质与亲密度负相关，与矛盾性正相关；内-外向性与情感表达正相关；神经质与矛盾性正相关。⑦多因素分析结果显示： TD儿童精神质个性的主要影响因素为是否共患ADHD、家庭矛盾性、抽动严重程度，TD儿童神经质个性的主要影响因素为是否共患ADHD、家庭类型、家庭亲密度。结论：①TD儿童存在较明显的个性偏差和有着相对不良的家庭精神环境，不同性别、是否共患ADHD其个性或家庭环境特征也各不相同。②TD儿童的个性与家庭环境因素间存在关联性。③是否共患ADHD、家庭矛盾性和亲密度、家庭类型、抽动严重程度是TD儿童精神质和神经质个性的影响因素。
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图片说明：病例组与对照组EPQ个性特征比较
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the personality and family status of (TD) children with tic disorder, and to explore the correlation between personality and family environment of TD children and the influence of family factors on the personality of TD children. Methods: 63 TD children and 62 normal children were assessed with Eysenck Personality questionnaire (EPQ), Family Environment scale (FES-CV) and self-designed Family situation questionnaire, respectively. Chi-square test and t test were used to compare the general family situation and the scores of EPQ and family environment factors between the two groups. The scores of EPQ and family environment of TD children with ADHD were compared by t test. Person correlation analysis was used to analyze the factors of personality and family environment of TD children. Furthermore, psychoticism and neuroticism with obvious changes in personality characteristics were selected as dependent variables, and multiple linear regression analysis was carried out according to age, sex, twitching severity, co-occurrence of ADHD and various family factors as independent variables. Results: 1There were significant differences in rearing type, family type, father's educational level and mother's educational level between the two groups (P 0.05). 2 the scores of EPQ in the TD group were higher than those in the control group, and the masking scores were lower than those in the control group (P 0.05). The score of mental quality in TD group was higher than that in control group, and the score of masking degree was lower than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). The neuroticism score of girls in TD group was significantly higher than that in control group (P 0.05). The score of neuroticism in ADHD group was significantly higher than that in TD group (P 0.05). The score of family intimacy in 4TD group was lower than that in control group, and the score of family contradiction was higher than that in control group, the difference was statistically significant (P01). The score of family intimacy in 5TD co-patient ADHD group was lower than that in simple TD group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). 6 the results of correlation analysis between personality and family environment: mental quality was negatively correlated with affinity, and positively correlated with contradiction; There was a positive correlation between introversion and extroversion and positive correlation between neuroticism and contradiction. 7 the results of multivariate analysis showed that the main influencing factors of psychotic personality of TD children were the contradiction of ADHD, family, the severity of twitching, and the main influencing factors of neurotic personality of TD children were ADHD, family type and family intimacy. Conclusion: 1TD children have obvious personality deviation and relatively bad family mental environment, different genders, their personality or family environment characteristics are also different. 2TD children's personality and family environment factors are related. 3 whether ADHD, family contradiction and intimacy, family type, twitching severity are the influencing factors of psychotic and neurotic personality of TD children.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.94

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