柔性电学层析成像系统的设计与制备

发布时间：2018-09-08 10:30

【摘要】：当前常用的CT技术等是医学诊疗过程的重要手段;通过CT技术能够获得患者病灶的影像材料,为进一步诊治提供主要依据。CT技术具有侵入性、时滞后性且价格昂贵,无法解决实时监护问题。电阻抗层析成像系统是医学成像领域的新一代可视化技术,具有解决CT技术局限性的巨大潜力。本文研究用于人体胸腔电阻抗成像的新一代硬件系统设计。本文的主要工作和创新点如下。本文先通过采用大量的Comsol_Matlab联合仿真,得出了设计新一代系统所需的各种指标和要求,并且在仿真的过程中开发了一个灵活的仿真模型,为以后的研究者提供了重要的研究基础。本系统的整体系统架构是全并行系统,整个系统包括一个主控卡、多个激励采集卡以及系统背板,主控卡主要通过USB协议实现系统与PC机的通信,将各激励采集卡采集到的数据上传给PC机,并接受PC机发送的控制信息,这些控制信息一部分用来完成对主控卡的控制,一部分转送给各激励采集卡从而完成对各激励采集卡的控制。两对电极共用一个激励采集卡,激励采集卡产生激励信号给物场,并采集相应的电压信息。通过这样模块化的设计,使得该系统能够适应任意多对电极。本论文对新一代系统中一些重要的模块进行详细分析和功能测试。截止到目前,本系统已经完成了部分模块的详细设计、仿真与制备,其中包括:1)设计了系统的模拟信号调理电路、FPGA相关电路以及其他辅助电路;2)用Cadence公司的Allegro软件完成主控卡PCB板的设计、绘制;3)用Verilog编写了FPGA内部控制程序以及信号处理程序,并用Modelsim完成仿真;4)编写了用USB芯片CY68013A在FPGA与PC之间进行通信相关的C程序。这些结果为进一步开放以及改造已有的系统奠定了实验基础和经验;最后,本研究对其中尚未开放完成的一些模块提出前瞻性的开发目标以及基本设计思路。
[Abstract]:At present, CT technology is an important means of medical diagnosis and treatment, and the imaging materials of patients' lesions can be obtained by CT technology, which provides the main basis for further diagnosis and treatment, such as invasion, time lag and high price. Can not solve the real-time monitoring problem. Electrical Impedance Tomography system is a new generation of visualization technology in the field of medical imaging. It has great potential to solve the limitation of CT technology. In this paper, the design of a new generation of hardware system for human pleural electrical impedance imaging is studied. The main work and innovation of this paper are as follows. In this paper, by using a large number of Comsol_Matlab joint simulation, we get the various indexes and requirements needed to design the new generation system, and develop a flexible simulation model in the process of simulation, which provides an important research basis for future researchers. The whole system architecture of this system is full parallel system. The whole system includes a main control card, a plurality of exciting acquisition cards and the system backplane. The main control card realizes the communication between the system and the PC machine mainly through USB protocol. The data collected by each exciting acquisition card is uploaded to the PC machine, and the control information sent by the PC machine is received. The control information is partly used to control the main control card. Part is transferred to each exciting acquisition card to complete the control of each exciting acquisition card. Two pairs of electrodes share an exciting acquisition card, which generates the excitation signal field and collects the corresponding voltage information. Through this modular design, the system can adapt to any multiple pairs of electrodes. In this paper, some important modules in the new generation system are analyzed and tested in detail. Up to now, the system has completed the detailed design, simulation and preparation of some modules. It includes: 1) designing the analog signal conditioning circuit and other auxiliary circuits of the system. (2) using the Allegro software of Cadence Company to complete the design of the PCB board of the main control card, and drawing the PCB board of the main control card. (3) the internal control program of FPGA and the signal processing program are written with Verilog. The C program of communication between FPGA and PC using USB chip CY68013A is programmed with Modelsim. These results lay the experimental foundation and experience for further opening up and reforming the existing systems. Finally, this study puts forward a forward-looking development goal and basic design ideas for some modules that have not yet been opened and completed.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R814.42;TP391.41

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