545例巨大儿相关因素、分娩方式及妊娠结局分析
发布时间:2018-02-26 15:58
本文关键词: 巨大儿 相关因素 分娩方式 妊娠结局 出处:《大连医科大学》2014年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:目的:分析巨大儿发生的相关因素以及巨大儿对母胎不良结局的影响,为该病的病因研究以及指导临床工作提供依据。 方法:采用大样本回顾性分析的流行病学方法,,选取2011年07月--2013年06月期间于北京军区总医院妇产科住院分娩巨大儿病例545例作为观察组,另选取同期分娩正常体重新生儿的产妇545例作为对照组。采集两组孕妇的相关参数:1、一般情况:产妇的年龄、分娩时孕龄、产次、孕末期宫高、腹围、BMI等;2、妊娠合并症:GDM、妊娠期高血压病等;3、围产期结局:胎膜早破、产后出血、会阴或宫颈裂伤、新生儿窒息等。采用独立样本t检验、2检验等统计学方法研究与巨大儿发生相关的危险因素,巨大儿与妊娠合并症之间的关系,以及巨大儿围产期结局的影响。 结果:观察期间共有5836例产妇住院分娩,巨大儿545例,发生率为9.3%,其中新生儿体重≥4500g者(特大儿)38例,占巨大儿总数的7.0%。1、与巨大儿发生相关的危险因素分析:观察组产妇产次、分娩前(宫高+腹围)显著大于对照组(P<0.05);观察组新生儿男性比例显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2、巨大儿与妊娠合并症之间的关系:观察组产妇GDM、肥胖症等合并症的发生率显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3、巨大儿对围产期结局的影响:观察组产妇总手术产率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组产妇胎膜早破、产后出血、宫缩乏力发生率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组产妇行剖宫产者产后出血发生率显著低于阴道分娩者(P<0.05);观察组阴道分娩者会阴或宫颈裂伤发生率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组中,剖宫产率随新生儿体重增加而增加。 结论: 1.孕妇产次、妊娠末期宫高+腹围、孕妇肥胖症、合并GDM、胎儿性别等是巨大儿发生的相关危险因素;其中,大部分为可控因素,孕期干预和管控可能降低巨大儿发生; 2.巨大儿可能导致胎膜早破等妊娠并发症升高; 3.巨大儿对围产期结局具有不利影响,包括总手术产率升高、产后出血发生率升高以及阴道分娩产伤发生率升高等。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the related factors of macrosomia and the influence of macrosomia on maternal and fetal adverse outcome in order to provide evidence for etiological study and clinical guidance of macrosomia. Methods: a total of 545 cases of macrosomia born in gynecology and obstetrics department of Beijing military region General Hospital from July 2011 to June 2013 were selected as observation group. In addition, 545 pregnant women with normal birth weight were selected as the control group. The relative parameters of the two groups were collected: age of the parturient, gestational age at the time of delivery, time of delivery, and height of the uterus in the last trimester of pregnancy. Perinatal outcome: premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, perineum or cervical laceration. The risk factors associated with macrosomia, the relationship between macrosomia and pregnancy complications, and the perinatal outcome of macrosomia were studied by using independent sample t test. Results: during the observation period, there were 5 836 cases of parturient in hospital, 545 cases of macrosomia, the incidence rate was 9.3%, of which 38 cases of neonatal weight 鈮
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