硫胺素（维生素B1）代谢异常对胎儿生长发育的影响

发布时间：2018-03-13 05:05

本文选题：硫胺素代谢异常　切入点：胎儿生长发育　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：硫胺素（维生素B1）作为人体内一种重要的辅酶，参与体内糖、蛋白质和脂肪等多种基本物质的代谢过程。硫胺素代谢异常与临床多种疾病相关，最为熟知的是韦尼克脑病。而胎儿期作为人体生长发育最为迅速、也可谓最为关键的时期，消耗着大量的物质和能量。亚临床硫胺素代谢异常的孕妇，其新生儿可表现出明显的神经和循环系统临床症状，且发病迅速，导致不良愈后。本文通过查阅国内外文献，，重点归纳总结了妊娠期及哺乳期硫胺素在体内代谢的变化，及硫胺素代谢异常对胎儿神经系统、心脏及骨骼肌发育的影响及愈后。结论：在孕期，体内硫胺素的含量将会发生不同程度的降低，如不注意补充则很容易转变为生化意义上的硫胺素缺乏，尤其是妊娠剧吐孕妇及妊娠期伴有糖尿病的孕妇。硫胺素代谢异常对发育中的心脏及神经系统会造成物质和能量代谢异常，从而导致细胞的坏死，正常器官结构的破坏，出现明显的临床症状。即使是没有任何临床表现的硫胺素缺乏的孕妇，其子代胎儿宫内发育迟缓、出生后发生心力衰竭、精神运动异常和先天性缺陷的发生率明显升高。充足的硫胺素补充治疗将可以迅速改善临床症状，并恢复正常的脏器结构。但是，孕期硫胺素的补充剂量至今并没有共识，需进一步临床研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: as an important coenzyme in human body, thiamine (vitamin B1) is involved in the metabolism of many basic substances, such as sugar, protein and fat. The abnormal metabolism of thiamine is related to many clinical diseases. Wernicke's encephalopathy is best known. The fetus is the fastest and most critical period of human growth, consuming a great deal of material and energy. The newborns can show obvious clinical symptoms of nerve and circulatory system, and the incidence is rapid, which leads to the bad recovery. This article summarizes the changes of thiamine metabolism in vivo during pregnancy and lactation by consulting domestic and foreign literature. Effects of abnormal metabolism of thiamine on the development of fetal nervous system, heart and skeletal muscle. Conclusion: during pregnancy, the content of thiamine in the body will be decreased in varying degrees, and if not supplemented, it will easily turn into a deficiency of thiamine in the biochemical sense. Especially pregnant women with hyperemesis and gestational diabetes mellitus. Abnormal thiamine metabolism can cause abnormal metabolism of substance and energy in the developing heart and nervous system, resulting in necrosis of cells and destruction of normal organ structure. Develop obvious clinical symptoms. Even in pregnant women with no clinical signs of thiamine deficiency, their offspring have intrauterine growth retardation and postnatal heart failure. The incidence of psychomotor disorders and congenital defects is significantly increased. Adequate thiamine supplementation therapy can quickly improve clinical symptoms and restore normal organ structure. However, there is no consensus on the supplemental dose of thiamine during pregnancy. Further clinical research is needed.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R714.5

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