陕西省育龄妇女围孕期叶酸服用状况及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-09-11 11:34

【摘要】：目的了解陕西省育龄妇女围产期叶酸服用状况,并分析其影响因素,对相关政策制定与调整提供数据支持。方法在陕西省10个地级市和杨凌示范区进行随机抽样,选取近3年怀孕或正在怀孕的妇女进行问卷调查,采用非条件Logistic回归模型分析叶酸服用的影响因素。结果在全省域层面上叶酸服用率为84.1%,叶酸服用率在地域之间有统计学差异,陕南为88.9%,关中为85.7%,陕北为75.5%(χ~2=24.011,P0.001),城乡之间也有统计学差异(89.5%vs.80.6%,χ~2=19.974,P0.001),叶酸服用率还存在显著的年龄差异,高年龄组妇女服用率低于低年龄组(χ~2=13.637,P=0.003)。免费领取叶酸率和叶酸服用时间在地域、城乡和各年龄组之间同样有统计学差异(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,除地区、城乡、年龄和教育程度等因素外,育龄妇女对叶酸的认知是影响围孕期叶酸服用情况的主要因素,其中不知道围孕期需要服用叶酸的育龄妇女不服用叶酸的风险是知道者的14.13倍(95%CI:6.16~32.44),不知道叶酸可以预防神经管畸形的育龄妇女不服用叶酸的风险是知道者的2.71倍(95%CI:1.43~5.14);不知道叶酸免费领取政策的育龄妇女围孕期不服用叶酸的风险是知道者的2.88倍(95%CI:1.52~5.47)。结论陕西省育龄妇女叶酸服用率较高,但服用时间较短。认知是影响叶酸服用及规范服用的重要因素,强化和提升育龄妇女对叶酸的认知水平是提升叶酸预防神经管畸形的重要方法。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the perinatal folic acid use status of women of childbearing age in Shaanxi province and analyze its influencing factors to provide data support for relevant policy formulation and adjustment. Methods 10 prefecture-level cities and Yang Ling demonstration areas in Shaanxi Province were randomly selected to investigate the influencing factors of folic acid use by non-conditional Logistic regression model. Women who were pregnant or pregnant in the past 3 years were investigated by questionnaire. Results at the provincial level, the folic acid use rate was 84.1. There were significant differences in folic acid use rate between different regions, including 88.9 in South Shaanxi, 85.7 in Guanzhong and 75.5% in Northern Shaanxi (蠂 ~ (2 +). There was also a statistical difference between urban and rural areas (89.5b vs.80.6, 蠂 ~ (219.974P0.001), and there was also a significant age difference in folic acid use rate. The use rate of high age group was lower than that of low age group (蠂 2 + 13.637% P0. 003). The rate of free folic acid collection and the duration of folic acid use were also statistically different between urban and rural areas and between different age groups (P0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, except for regional, urban-rural, age and educational level, there were significant differences between the two groups. The awareness of folic acid in women of childbearing age was the main factor influencing folic acid consumption during pregnancy. The risk of not taking folic acid in women of childbearing age who did not know the need to take folic acid during pregnancy was 14.13 times higher than that of those who knew it (95%CI:6.16~32.44), and the risk of not taking folic acid in women of childbearing age who did not know that folic acid could prevent neural tube malformation was 2.71 times higher than that of those who knew about folic acid (95%CI:1.43~5.14). Women of childbearing age who did not know the folic acid free policy were 2. 88 times more likely to not take folic acid during pregnancy than those who knew (95%CI:1.52~5.47). Conclusion the folic acid consumption rate of women of childbearing age in Shaanxi Province is higher, but the time of taking folic acid is shorter. Cognition is an important factor affecting folic acid use and standardized use. Strengthening and enhancing folic acid cognition level is an important method to enhance folic acid to prevent neural tube malformation in women of childbearing age.
【作者单位】：西安交通大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;
【基金】：陕西省卫计委出生缺陷防治课题(No.sxwsjswzfcght2016-013)~~
【分类号】：R715.3

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