胎盘血管瘤的产前超声特征及鉴别诊断

发布时间：2018-10-15 08:38

【摘要】：目的:通过分析胎盘血管瘤的超声声像图特征及鉴别诊断分析,研究胎盘血管瘤的典型超声声像特征,减少误漏诊,提高胎盘血管瘤的产前诊断率,为临床提供更有价值的信息。方法:收集本院28例经病理证实为胎盘血管瘤的产前超声资料及临床资料,对产前超声资料与临床资料进行回顾性的分析。结果:本研究组共28例,产前超声与产后病理均为血管瘤共19例;1例产前超声诊断为血管瘤,病理却证实为子宫肌瘤(直径约25 mm);8例产前超声胎盘未发现异常,产后病理证实胎盘有血管瘤,8例瘤体直径均5 mm,均未出现并发症。19例最小的直径约20 mm,最大的直径约117 mm,其中有14例直径均40 mm;19例中有12例位于近脐带胎盘入口处。本组4例胎儿出现水肿,5例合并羊水过多,1例合并多发畸形,1例合并单脐动脉。结论:产前超声对典型的胎盘血管瘤较容易做出诊断,对于胎盘位于后壁、较小的血管瘤容易漏诊。胎盘血管瘤具有多变性,瘤体较小时多无症状,当瘤体较大可出现羊水增多,胎儿水肿、窒息甚至死亡等严重并发症,因此,超声检查是密切监测瘤体变化、预防其并发症、降低围产儿死亡率的简单、安全、最有效的方法。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the typical ultrasonographic features of placental hemangioma by analyzing the characteristics and differential diagnosis of placental hemangioma, so as to reduce misdiagnosis and improve the prenatal diagnosis rate of placental hemangioma. To provide more valuable information for the clinic. Methods: 28 cases of placental hemangioma confirmed by pathology were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results: there were 28 cases in this study group, 19 cases of hemangioma were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and postpartum pathology, and 1 case was diagnosed as hemangioma by prenatal ultrasound, but pathologically proved to be hysteromyoma. Postpartum pathology confirmed that there were hemangiomas in placenta, all 8 cases had no complications in 5 mm,. The smallest diameter of 19 cases was about 20 mm, and the maximum diameter was about 117 mm,. Of the 14 cases, 12 cases were located near the placenta entrance of umbilical cord. There were 4 cases of fetal edema, 5 cases of amniotic fluid hypertrophy, 1 case of multiple malformation and 1 case of single umbilical artery. Conclusion: prenatal ultrasound is easy to diagnose typical placental hemangioma, and for placenta located in posterior wall, smaller hemangioma is easy to be missed. Placental hemangioma is polymorphic and asymptomatic when the tumor is small, serious complications such as amniotic fluid increase, fetal edema, asphyxia or even death may occur when the tumor is larger. Therefore, ultrasonic examination is to closely monitor the changes of the tumor and prevent its complications. Simple, safe, and most effective ways to reduce perinatal mortality.
【作者单位】：广东省妇幼保健院超声诊断科;
【分类号】：R445.1;R714.5

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