不同干预措施预防艾滋病母婴传播的效果研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 14:00

【摘要】：目的分析河南省对艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染孕产妇,采用不同干预措施预防母婴传播的效果。方法采用随访研究的方法,利用国家预防母婴传播干预(PMTCT)管理信息网络直报系统,以2004年1月至2012年12月确诊报告的863例HIV-1感染孕产妇及其所分娩的婴儿为研究对象,收集和整理孕产妇接受抗反转录病毒药物、安全助产和婴儿喂养指导等预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施的实施服务情况,收集HIV感染孕产妇定期随访和婴儿的检测信息,掌握婴儿的HIV感染状态,分析干预措施对HIV母婴传播效果的影响。结果 HIV感染孕产妇所生的863名婴幼儿中,有47名感染HIV,艾滋病母婴传播率为5.45%。对不同方案的药物干预措施进行比较,联合、单一和未应用抗病毒药物的孕产妇,其母婴传播率分别为2.02%、3.16%、14.93%。在市、县、乡及以下助产机构分娩的感染孕产妇的母婴传播率分别为2.56%、4.44%和20.31%。孕早期(12孕周)接受艾滋病咨询检测服务的产妇,其母婴传播率低于孕中晚期(≥12孕周)产妇(3.08%、6.47%)(χ2=4.63,P0.01),人工喂养婴儿发生母婴传播率低于非人工喂养婴儿(4.84%、14.04%)(χ2=7.05,P0.01)。多因素分析表明,产妇孕早期接受艾滋病咨询检测服务[比值比(OR)=0.24,95%可信区间(CI):0.02~1.98],产妇孕早期服用抗病毒药物(OR=0.25,95%CI:0.09~0.69)、使用联合用药方案(OR=0.07,95%CI:0.02~0.28)、婴幼儿采取人工喂养(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.07~1.03),是PMTCT的保护因素。结论艾滋病母婴传播的不同干预措施有效降低了艾滋病母婴传播水平。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the effect of different intervention measures on prevention of mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women infected with (HIV) in Henan Province. Methods A follow-up study was conducted on 863 women with HIV-1 infection and their babies delivered from January 2004 to December 2012, using the (PMTCT) management information network direct reporting system for national prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). To collect and collate the implementation of the intervention measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission of AIDS, such as antiretroviral drugs, safe midwifery and infant feeding guidance, and collect information on the regular follow-up of pregnant women with HIV infection and the detection of their infants. To understand the infantile status of HIV infection and analyze the effect of intervention on HIV mother-to-child transmission. Results of the 863 infants and infants infected with HIV, 47 were infected with HIV, and the mother-to-child transmission rate was 5.45%. The rate of mother-to-child transmission was 2.02% 3.16% and 14.93% respectively for pregnant women who combined with single antiviral drugs and did not use antiviral drugs. The rate of mother-to-child transmission of infected pregnant women in midwifery institutions of cities, counties, townships and below was 2.56% and 20.31%, respectively. In early pregnancy (12 weeks of pregnancy), the mother-to-child transmission rate of pregnant women receiving AIDS counseling and testing services was lower than that of women in the second trimester (鈮，

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