足月小于胎龄儿的气质特点与生长发育的关系讨论
发布时间：2019-01-01 13:45
【摘要】：目的评估足月小于胎龄儿的气质与足月适于胎龄儿是否存在差异。如果有差异,探讨这种差异与其智力及体格发育是否有关联,为足月小于胎龄儿早期的干预治疗提供理论依据。方法回顾性收集2011年1月至2012年6月安徽省儿童医院新生儿科出院的日龄在2岁到2岁零6个月之间的足月小于胎龄儿35例为病例组,并按1:1配比选取同期出生的足月适于胎龄儿为对照组。对两组患儿分别进行气质、智力及体格发育的评估;比较2组患儿气质、智力及体格发育的评估结果。采用自制家庭环境调查问卷收集患儿的围产期及家庭相关情况。计量资料采用方差分析检验,计数资料采用c2检验,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果1.足月小于胎龄儿中困难型、中间偏困难型和启动缓慢型气质总发生率42.86%,较足月适于胎龄儿的总发生率14.29%高(c2=7.00,P0.05);足月小于胎龄儿气质九维度中活动水平(4.21±0.68)较足月适于胎龄儿(3.79±0.63)高(t=8.12,P0.05);2.足月小于胎龄儿的智力发育指数(Mental Development Index,MDI)(74.54±9.62),低于足月适于胎龄儿的MDI(88.14±8.85)(t=6.15,P0.05);运动发育指数(Psyehomotor Development Index PDI)(74.63±9.60),也低于足月适于胎龄儿的PDI(89.31±8.56)(t=6.76,P0.05),且智力评估80的概率高于足月适于胎龄儿,差异有统计学意义(c2=937,P0.05)。两组气质类型为困难型、中间偏困难型和启动缓慢型气质的患儿智力指数(75.85±12.76)和运动指数(76.55±12.18)均要落后于容易型和中间偏容易型患儿(83.54±10.21)(t=2.65,P0.05)和(84.14±10.88)(t=2.56,P0.05),且发育商评估结果80概率高于容易型和中间偏容易型患儿(c2=3.05,P0.05)。3.足月小于胎龄儿的身高(83.03±2.13)cm低于足月适于胎龄儿(87.67±1.28)cm(t=11.03,P0.05),且在年龄2岁左右有15(42.86%)例患儿身高仍在同年龄第10个百分位以下;足月小于胎龄儿的体重(10.71±1.00)kg低于足月适于胎龄儿(12.64±1.01)kg(t=8.07,P0.05),且在年龄2岁左右有26(74.29%)例患儿体重仍在同年龄第10个百分位以下;足月小于胎龄儿的头围(47.32±0.43)cm低于足月适于胎龄儿(47.94±0.51)cm(t=5.51,P0.05),且在年龄2岁左右有14(40.00%)例患儿头围仍在同年龄第10个百分位以下;结论:1.在2岁到2岁6个月时,SGA气质的九个维度中仅“活动水平”低于AGA,其它维度大致相同。2.在2岁到2岁6个月时,SGA出现困难型、中间偏困难型和启动缓慢型气质类型的概率要高于AGA。3.在2岁到2岁6个月时,SGA的智力发育要明显落后于AGA,且SGA出现智力缺陷的概率要明显高于AGA。4.在2岁到2岁6个月时,不论是SGA,还是AGA,气质类型为困难型、中间偏困难型和启动缓慢型的婴儿更易出现智力发育的落后。5.在2岁到2岁6个月时,SGA的体格发育要落后于AGA,且大多数SGA未能完全实现追赶性生长。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the difference between term-to-term and term-appropriate gestational age in term-less-gestational infants. If there is a difference, the relationship between the difference and their intelligence and physical development is discussed, which provides a theoretical basis for the early intervention treatment of term less than gestational age infants. Methods from January 2011 to June 2012, 35 newborns aged between 2 and 2 years and 6 months of gestational age who were discharged from the pediatrics department of Anhui Children's Hospital were retrospectively collected as the case group. According to the 1:1 ratio, the full-term infants born at the same time were selected as the control group. The temperament, intelligence and physical development of the two groups were evaluated, and the results of temperament, intelligence and physical development were compared. The perinatal period and family-related situation of children were collected by self-made family environment questionnaire. Measurement data using ANOVA test, count data using c2 test, P0.05 as the difference was statistically significant. Result 1. The total rate of temperament of middle difficulty type, middle difficulty type and slow start type was 42.86%, which was higher than that of full-term infants (14.29%) (c27.00). The activity level in the nine dimensions of temperament of full-term less than gestational age infants (4.21 卤0.68) was higher than that of full-term infants of suitable gestational age (3.79 卤0.63) (t = 8.12 P 0.05); 2. The intelligence development index (Mental Development Index,MDI) of full-term infants less than gestational age (74.54 卤9.62) was lower than that of full-term infants (88.14 卤8.85) (t 6.15). The motor development index (Psyehomotor Development Index PDI) () was 74.63 卤9.60, which was also lower than that in full-term infants (89.31 卤8.56) (t 6.76), and the probability of intelligence evaluation was higher than that of full-term infants of suitable gestational age. The difference was statistically significant (c2 + 937). The two groups of temperament types are difficult. The intelligence index (75.85 卤12.76) and motor index (76.55 卤12.18) of middle difficulty and slow start temperament were lower than those of easy type and middle easy type (83.54 卤10.21) (t = 2.65). (P 0.05) and (84.14 卤10.88) (t 2.56 P 0.05), and the 80 probability of development quotient evaluation was higher than that of easy type and intermediate easy type (c2n 3.05 P 0.05). The height (83.03 卤2.13) cm of full-term infants less than gestational age was lower than that of full-term infants (87.67 卤1.28) cm (/ t 11.03). 15 cases (42.86%) were still below the 10th percentile of the same age. The body weight of full-term infants less than gestational age was (10.71 卤1.00) kg lower than that of full-term infants with suitable gestational age (12.64 卤1.01) kg (/ t 8.07). 26 (74.29%) of them were still below the 10th percentile of the same age. The head circumference (47.32 卤0.43) cm of full-term infants less than gestational age was lower than that of full-term infants (47.94 卤0.51) cm (/ t 5.51p0.05). The head circumference of 14 cases (40.00%) was still below the 10th percentile of the same age. Conclusion: 1. Between the ages of 2 and 6 months, only "activity levels" of the nine dimensions of SGA temperament were roughly the same as those of other dimensions of AGA,. At the age of 2 to 2 years and 6 months, the probability of difficulty type, middle difficulty type and slow start type of SGA was higher than that of AGA.3.. At the age of 2 to 6 months, the intellectual development of SGA was significantly lower than that of AGA, and the probability of mental retardation of SGA was significantly higher than that of AGA.4.. At the age of 2 to 6 months, whether SGA, or AGA, temperament type is difficult type, intermediate difficulty type and slow start type infants are more likely to develop mental retardation. 5. At the age of 2 to 6 months, the physical development of SGA lags behind that of AGA, and most of SGA fail to achieve catch-up growth.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R714.5
本文编号：2397651
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the difference between term-to-term and term-appropriate gestational age in term-less-gestational infants. If there is a difference, the relationship between the difference and their intelligence and physical development is discussed, which provides a theoretical basis for the early intervention treatment of term less than gestational age infants. Methods from January 2011 to June 2012, 35 newborns aged between 2 and 2 years and 6 months of gestational age who were discharged from the pediatrics department of Anhui Children's Hospital were retrospectively collected as the case group. According to the 1:1 ratio, the full-term infants born at the same time were selected as the control group. The temperament, intelligence and physical development of the two groups were evaluated, and the results of temperament, intelligence and physical development were compared. The perinatal period and family-related situation of children were collected by self-made family environment questionnaire. Measurement data using ANOVA test, count data using c2 test, P0.05 as the difference was statistically significant. Result 1. The total rate of temperament of middle difficulty type, middle difficulty type and slow start type was 42.86%, which was higher than that of full-term infants (14.29%) (c27.00). The activity level in the nine dimensions of temperament of full-term less than gestational age infants (4.21 卤0.68) was higher than that of full-term infants of suitable gestational age (3.79 卤0.63) (t = 8.12 P 0.05); 2. The intelligence development index (Mental Development Index,MDI) of full-term infants less than gestational age (74.54 卤9.62) was lower than that of full-term infants (88.14 卤8.85) (t 6.15). The motor development index (Psyehomotor Development Index PDI) () was 74.63 卤9.60, which was also lower than that in full-term infants (89.31 卤8.56) (t 6.76), and the probability of intelligence evaluation was higher than that of full-term infants of suitable gestational age. The difference was statistically significant (c2 + 937). The two groups of temperament types are difficult. The intelligence index (75.85 卤12.76) and motor index (76.55 卤12.18) of middle difficulty and slow start temperament were lower than those of easy type and middle easy type (83.54 卤10.21) (t = 2.65). (P 0.05) and (84.14 卤10.88) (t 2.56 P 0.05), and the 80 probability of development quotient evaluation was higher than that of easy type and intermediate easy type (c2n 3.05 P 0.05). The height (83.03 卤2.13) cm of full-term infants less than gestational age was lower than that of full-term infants (87.67 卤1.28) cm (/ t 11.03). 15 cases (42.86%) were still below the 10th percentile of the same age. The body weight of full-term infants less than gestational age was (10.71 卤1.00) kg lower than that of full-term infants with suitable gestational age (12.64 卤1.01) kg (/ t 8.07). 26 (74.29%) of them were still below the 10th percentile of the same age. The head circumference (47.32 卤0.43) cm of full-term infants less than gestational age was lower than that of full-term infants (47.94 卤0.51) cm (/ t 5.51p0.05). The head circumference of 14 cases (40.00%) was still below the 10th percentile of the same age. Conclusion: 1. Between the ages of 2 and 6 months, only "activity levels" of the nine dimensions of SGA temperament were roughly the same as those of other dimensions of AGA,. At the age of 2 to 2 years and 6 months, the probability of difficulty type, middle difficulty type and slow start type of SGA was higher than that of AGA.3.. At the age of 2 to 6 months, the intellectual development of SGA was significantly lower than that of AGA, and the probability of mental retardation of SGA was significantly higher than that of AGA.4.. At the age of 2 to 6 months, whether SGA, or AGA, temperament type is difficult type, intermediate difficulty type and slow start type infants are more likely to develop mental retardation. 5. At the age of 2 to 6 months, the physical development of SGA lags behind that of AGA, and most of SGA fail to achieve catch-up growth.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R714.5
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