新斯的明对经银环蛇毒素处理后的离体大鼠膈肌肌条张力的影响
发布时间:2018-03-16 06:21
本文选题:新斯的明 切入点:银环蛇毒素 出处:《广州医科大学》2013年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文
【摘要】:背景和目的 我国每年蛇伤病例约30万例,病死率3-5%。特别是华南地区,毒蛇伤是常见急症之一,其中银环蛇咬伤占各类毒蛇咬伤的8.12%[1,2]。银环蛇毒素以神经毒素为主[3,4,5],干毒包含多种成分,如α-银环蛇毒素、β-银环蛇毒素、κ-银环蛇毒素、P-银环蛇毒素[6,7]等,毒性强,中毒者常因神经肌肉传导阻滞表现为的骨骼肌无力,临床骨骼肌无力症状出现的顺序为先见眼睑下垂、后可有吞咽困难、流涎,继而四肢肌力减弱甚至瘫痪,严重者可因呼吸肌麻痹造成窒息死亡,症状恢复顺序与出现顺序相反。 目前国际公认的治疗蛇咬伤的方法是伤口局部处理及尽早使用抗蛇毒血清,严重者影响到呼吸功能时需要机械辅助通气、血液灌流及恢复肌力的药物等治疗。鉴于蛇咬伤常发生在山区、郊外等地,,地方医院不能常规配备抗蛇毒血清,使得抗蛇毒血清无法得到普遍推广和应用。故寻求更多的治疗方法即能安全、广泛的使用,又能为蛇咬伤病人争取更多的救治时间是十分必要的。在以往的报道中,新斯的明拮抗银环蛇成分毒素(例如:α-银环蛇毒素、 β-银环蛇毒素等)或其他蛇毒神经毒素所致骨骼肌无力的影响尚存争议[8]。又有相关研究表明,新斯的明在拮抗其他因神经肌肉传导阻滞而出现骨骼肌无力的疾病中疗效确切,例如非去极化肌松剂所致的骨骼肌无力[9,10,11]。曾有试验将多种蛇毒神经毒素与非去极化肌松剂(如筒箭毒碱)进行对比[8],多项结果显示其致病机制是及其相似的。而目前有关新斯的明拮抗银环蛇干毒所致骨骼肌无力的影响尚鲜有实验论证。偶有临床报道新斯的明在治疗神经毒素为主的蛇咬伤疾病时可减少呼吸机的应用[12]。 本项研究旨在:通过检测不同浓度新斯的明对经银环蛇毒素处理后的大鼠膈肌肌条张力的改变,明确新斯的明是否可改善骨骼肌肌力。 方法 将健康SPF级雌性SD大鼠20只,随机分为四组(n=5):正常对照组(A组)、1μM新斯的明(B组)、3μM新斯的明(C组)、10μM新斯的明(D组)。A组给予生理盐水作为正常对照组。实验大鼠均经戊巴比妥钠腹腔麻醉,取出膈肌并去除周围的残留血液、脂肪组织等后,将膈肌沿肌纤维方向分离制成实验用肌条(约1cmX1.5cm)。肌条一端连于高精度张力换能器,通过放大器由生理记录仪记录张力大小。另一端固定于固定杆上并使整个肌条浸于注有苛氏液的麦氏槽中,槽中持续通入混合气(95%O2,5%CO2),温度维持37℃。固定后持续调节膈肌肌条前负荷为1g,平衡45-60分钟,每15分钟更换苛氏液一次[8]。平衡后用10-4M浓度的乙酰胆碱刺激两次,待再次达到平衡后,最终选择肌条张力维持在<(1±10%)g[13]范围内的肌条作为实验用肌条。继续给予银环蛇干毒毒素(浓度:5μg/ml),5分钟后冲洗并给予不同浓度的新斯的明(1μM、3μM、10μM)或生理盐水(对照组)。记录不同时间段(5min、10min、15min、30min、60min)膈肌肌条张力(g)大小。 结果 不同时间段A组、B组、C组、D组的肌条张力如下,5min时分别为:(0.846±0.019)g、(0.853±0.027)g、(0.853±0.024)g、(0.858±0.013)g;10min时分别为:(0.844±0.023)g、(0.860±0.033)g、(0.863±0.030)g、(0.912±0.026)g;15min时分别为:(0.846±0.033)g、(0.870±0.033)g、(0.873±0.024)g、(0.920±0.025)g;30min时分别为:(0.848±0.019)g、(0.870±0.029)g、(0.888±0.036)g、(0.932±0.013)g;60min时分别为:(0.860±0.024)g、(0.883±0.031)g、(0.908±0.032)g、(0.954±0.015)g。 (1)与对照组(A组)比较:B组与A组在各时间段检测结果均无统计学差异(P0.05);C组与A组在60min时检测结果存在统计学差异(P 0.05)。D组与A组在10min、15min、30min、60min时检测结果存在统计学差异(P≤0.01)。 (2)与B组比较:C组与B组在各时间段检测结果均无统计学差异(P0.05);D组与B组在10min、15min、30min、60min时检测结果存在统计学差异。(10min、15min时,P 0.05;30min、60min时,P≤0.01)。 (3)与C组比较:D组与C组在60min时检测结果存在统计学差异(P 0.05)。 (4)实验各组肌条的张力在不同时间段均有不同程度的恢复,但在60分钟时均未完全恢复至最初水平。 结论 新斯的明拮抗银环蛇毒素所致离体大鼠膈肌肌条无力的作用明确,且效应与剂量有相关性。
[Abstract]:Background and purpose
China's annual snakebite cases about 300 thousand cases, the mortality rate of 3-5%. especially in the Southern China area, the snake injury is one of the most common emergency cases, which accounted for 8.12%[1,2]. of all kinds of snake bites k-bungarotoxin Snakebite with neurotoxin based [3,4,5], contains a variety of ingredients such as dry poison, alpha bungarotoxin, beta bungarotoxin, kappa bungarotoxin, P- bungarotoxin [6,7], strong toxicity, skeletal muscle weakness poisoning often caused by neuromuscular block as clinical symptoms, skeletal muscle weakness in the order of the seer ptosis, can have difficulty swallowing saliva flow, and limb muscle weakness and even paralysis, severe cases can cause suffocation due to respiratory muscle paralysis symptoms, restore order with the emergence of the opposite order.
At present, the internationally recognized methods to cure snake bite is a local wound treatment and early use of antivenom, seriously affect the respiratory function need mechanical ventilation, blood perfusion and recovery of muscle strength in drug therapy. In view of snake bites often occur in the mountains, on the outskirts of other places, the local hospital is not equipped with conventional anti venom serum. The antivenom could not be widely promoted and applied. Therefore, seeking more treatment is safe, and can be widely used for treatment of snakebite patients more time is necessary. In the previous report, the composition of neostigmine antagonism YinHuanShe toxins (e.g. alpha bungarotoxin. Bungarotoxin etc.) [8]. effect is controversial or other venom neurotoxin induced bone gravis and related research shows that neostigmine antagonism in the neuromuscular block out The effect of skeletal muscle weakness in diseases such as the exact, non depolarizing muscle relaxant caused by skeletal muscle weakness [9,10,11]. had multiple test venom neurotoxin and non depolarizing muscle relaxant (such as tubocurarine) compared to [8], a number of results showed that the pathogenic mechanism is similar. And the influence of the antagonistic related YinHuanShe Ming neostigmine dry skeletal muscle weakness caused by poison is rarely withexperiment. Occasionally reports of clinical application of [12]. based neurotoxin in the treatment of neostigmine snakebite disease can reduce ventilator
This study aims to: to detect different concentrations of neostigmine on the tension of k-bungarotoxin treated rat diaphragm muscle through the change of clear, neostigmine can improve skeletal muscle strength.
Method
灏嗗仴搴稴PF绾ч泴鎬D澶ч紶20鍙
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