540例口腔癌及口咽癌的临床病例分析

发布时间：2018-03-21 14:28

  本文选题：口腔癌　切入点：构成比　出处：《福建医科大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：口腔癌(oral cancer)是指发生于口腔及其邻近解剖结构的恶性肿瘤，在WHO最新版的国际疾病分类系统中，口腔癌与发生于咽部的癌症归为一类，称为口腔、咽癌或简称口腔癌，其发病部位包括唇、舌根、舌其他部位、牙龈、口底、腭、颌骨等口腔其他部位、腮腺、其他大唾液腺、扁桃体、口咽、鼻咽、梨状窦、下咽、口腔、咽其他部位。口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的发病机理近年来被认为是一个多因素、多致病条件、多原性的。其致病因素目前被广泛报道、已被大众所接受的大致有：烟草、过多的酒精、放射线及口腔内粘膜长期存在的刺激，近年来关于其遗传方面及病毒学感染方面的研究越来越多，其患病年龄呈现出年轻化的趋势，并且其发病构成比情况在发生变化，女性患者逐渐增加。口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤特别是口腔癌及口咽癌，其容易伴发颈部淋巴结转移或全身其他器官的转移，目前关于口腔颌面头颈部二原发或多原发恶性肿瘤的研究逐渐增加，越来越多的临床医生注意到肿瘤二原发的情况的出现，二原发肿瘤的治疗目前存在一定的难度，为患者及临床医生所面临的一个难题。随着现代医学技术的发展进步，口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的诊断准确率增加，其为治疗提供了良好的技术支持。目前关于口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤的治疗主要是以外科手术治疗为主，辅助以术后放射治疗及术前或术后的化学治疗。本文根据统计2009-2013年间于福建医科大学附属第一医院诊疗的口腔癌患患者，，进行流行病学资料的统计分析，结果显示,于我科就诊的口腔癌患患者的流行病学情况大致同已报告文献资料相符，如，大多数口腔癌患术后病理结果显示为鳞状细胞癌（71.3%），年龄构成比中老年患者（年龄≥55,62.22%），性别构成比（男62.96%，女37.04%）等。结合这些临床资料数据，可以提示目前就诊我院的口腔癌患的一些构成比的变迁，目前新的诊治及治疗技术的改进等。
[Abstract]:Oral cancer is a malignant tumor occurring in the oral cavity and its adjacent anatomical structure. In the latest version of WHO's international classification system of diseases, oral cancer is classified as oral, pharyngeal or oral cancer. Other areas of the mouth, including the lips, the root of the tongue, the tongue, the gum, the floor of the mouth, the palate, the jaw, the parotid gland, the other large salivary glands, the tonsils, the oropharynx, the nasopharynx, the Pyriform sinus, the hypopharynx, the oral cavity, etc. Other parts of the pharynx. The pathogenesis of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors has been considered to be a multi-factor, multi-pathogenic, and multi-pathogenic in recent years. Its pathogenic factors have been widely reported, and have been generally accepted by the public: tobacco, Excessive alcohol, radiation and chronic irritation of the oral mucosa have been studied more and more in recent years in terms of heredity and virological infection, and the age of the disease is showing a trend of rejuvenation. The incidence ratio of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors, especially oral carcinoma and oropharyngeal carcinoma, may be accompanied by cervical lymph node metastasis or metastasis of other organs of the whole body. At present, the research on two or more primary malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial head and neck has gradually increased. More and more clinicians have noticed the appearance of the second primary tumor, and there are some difficulties in the treatment of the second primary tumor. A difficult problem for patients and clinicians. With the development of modern medical technology, the diagnostic accuracy of malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial regions has increased. It provides good technical support for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. According to the statistics of oral cancer patients diagnosed and treated in the first affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from 2009 to 2013, the epidemiological data were analyzed. The epidemiological status of oral cancer patients in our department is roughly consistent with the reported literature, such as, The postoperative pathological results of most patients with oral cancer showed that they were squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 71.3%, the age composition was higher than that in the elderly patients (age 鈮

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