不同患者对颜面美感知的差异及正畸治疗前后其审美感知度变化的研究

发布时间：2018-07-31 13:34

【摘要】：目的：随着正畸医疗技术的日新月异及人们对正畸需求的不断增长,口颌系统的健康及美观越来越受到关注,目前多数人将正畸治疗作为提高颜面美的一个重要途径。但容貌的审美具有很大的主观性,受地区、性别、年龄、文化、性格、社会背景等多种因素的影响,因此了解患者的审美需求是制定正确矫治方案的前提。本研究通过调查不同类型的正畸患者对颜面美的感知差异及患者在正畸治疗前后对颜面美的感知变化,并分析影响患者审美感知的因素,为正畸医师诊断设计提供美学参考依据。方法：第一部分：选取45例(安氏Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类各15例)矫治前患者的图像(正面像、正面微笑像、侧面像、正面咬合像)制作调查问卷,随机选取2012年于山东大学口腔医院接受正畸治疗的213例患者在治疗前对问卷中病例的颜面美进行评价,并调查结果进行统计分析。第二部分：选取30例矫治结束的患者(安氏Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类各10例)初诊及结束图像(正面像、正面微笑像、侧面像、正面咬合像)制作调查问卷。随机选择100例于山东大学口腔医院接受正畸治疗的患者作为评价者,在其正畸治疗前(对照组)及治疗一年半后(治疗组)均对问卷中病例颜面美的变化进行调查,并统计学分析。结果：第一部分调查结果显示：①正畸患者对安氏Ⅲ类病例颜面美的评价最低,其次是安氏Ⅱ1类病例,对Ⅱ2类、Ⅰ类病例的美学评价最高。②性别、年龄、文化程度会影响患者对颜面美的感知度,而婚姻状况对患者颜面美的感知影响不明显。其中,中青年、女性、文化程度较高的患者对颜面美的感知度较高,少年、男性、文化程度较低的患者对颜面美的感知度相对较低。第二部分调查结果显示：①安氏Ⅰ类、安氏Ⅱ1类及安氏Ⅱ2类患者矫治后颜面美观度提高,而安氏Ⅲ类患者矫治后颜面美无显著提高。②随着正畸治疗的进行,患者对颜面美的感知度显著提高。其中文化程度较高的中年女性对颜面美的感知度提高最为显著,而高中以下的少年男性对颜面美的感知度提高不明显。拔牙及不拔牙患者对颜面美的感知度均提高,但提高的程度无显著差异。结论： 1.中青年、女性、本科及以上文化程度的患者对颜面美的感知度较高,因此他们的期望值及对矫治的要求较高,这就提示我们正畸医生对上述群体应加以关注,矫治前应充分了解患者的审美需求及对美的认识程度,以便制定出较为理想且合理的个性化的矫治方案。 2.患者对颜面美的感知度会随着正畸治疗的进行而提高,提高的程度因性别、年龄、文化程度的不同而不同,正畸治疗中要注重患者的审美心理及行为变化,注意加强同患者的沟通,适时调整矫治方案,以提高患者的满意度。 3.正畸患者对安氏Ⅲ类病例的颜面美的评价最低,其次是安氏Ⅱ1类病例,对Ⅱ2类、Ⅰ类病例的美学评价最高。对于安氏Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类采用单纯正畸治疗的病例,调查结果显示患者认为安氏Ⅰ类、安氏Ⅱ1类及Ⅱ2类病例矫治后颜面美观显著提高,而安氏Ⅲ类病例矫治后颜面美无显著提高。提示对于骨性Ⅲ类患者需慎重权衡手术及非手术的利弊,避免因正畸治疗无法改善侧貌而引起医疗纠纷。
[Abstract]:Objective:
With the rapid development of orthodontic medical technology and the increasing demand for orthodontics, the health and beauty of the oral and maxillary system have been paid more and more attention. Most people present orthodontic treatment as an important way to improve facial beauty. However, the aesthetic beauty of the appearance has great subjectivity, subject to regional, gender, age, culture, character, and social background. Therefore, to understand the aesthetic needs of the patients is the premise of formulating the correct treatment scheme. This study investigates the differences in the perception of facial beauty of different types of orthodontic patients and the changes of the patients' perception of facial beauty before and after orthodontic treatment, and analyzes the factors affecting the aesthetic perception of the patients for the diagnosis and design of orthodontics. Provide aesthetic reference.
Method:
The first part: select 45 cases (positive image, front smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image) of 45 cases (positive image, front smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image) before treatment, and select 213 cases who received orthodontic treatment at the oral hospital of Shandong University in 2012. The results were analyzed statistically.
The second part: to select 30 cases (10 cases of class I, class I, class III), and to make a questionnaire for first diagnosis and end image (frontal image, frontal smile image, side image, frontal occlusal image). 100 cases of orthodontic treatment at Shandong University stomatological hospital were selected as evaluators, before orthodontic treatment (control group) and After one and a half years of treatment, the changes of facial beauty in the questionnaire were investigated and statistically analyzed.
Result:
The first part of the survey showed that: (1) orthodontic patients have the lowest evaluation of facial beauty in class III cases, followed by class II 1 cases, and the aesthetic evaluation of class I 2, type I cases is the highest. 2. Gender, age, and educational level will affect the patient's perception of facial beauty, and marriage status has no obvious influence on facial beauty. Young, young, female, and highly educated patients have a higher perception of facial beauty. Young, male, and less educated patients have a relatively low perception of facial beauty.
The results of the second part of the survey showed that the facial beauty was improved after orthodontic treatment, and the facial beauty was improved after orthodontic treatment. (2) with orthodontic treatment, the patients' perception of facial beauty was significantly improved. The perception degree of the young men below the high school was not significantly improved. The perception of facial beauty was improved by the extraction and non extraction patients, but there was no significant difference in the degree of improvement.
Conclusion:
1. young, young, female, undergraduate and above educated patients have a higher awareness of facial beauty, so their expectations and requirements for correction are higher. This suggests that the orthodontic doctors should pay attention to the above groups. Before the treatment, we should fully understand the aesthetic needs of the patients and the degree of understanding of the United States, so as to make a more ideal and more ideal. A reasonable and individualized correction scheme.
2. patients' perception of facial beauty will be improved with orthodontic treatment. The degree of improvement is different because of gender, age and educational level. In orthodontic treatment, we should pay attention to the patient's aesthetic psychology and behavior changes, pay attention to the communication with the patients and adjust the treatment plan in time in order to improve the patient's satisfaction.
3. orthodontic patients have the lowest evaluation of facial beauty in class III cases, followed by class II 1 cases, and the aesthetic evaluation of class I and 2 cases is the highest. There is no significant improvement in facial beauty after orthodontic treatment of class III cases. It is suggested that the advantages and disadvantages of the operation and non operation should be weighed carefully to avoid the medical disputes caused by orthodontic treatment which can not improve the side appearance.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R783.5

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