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鼻内镜在鼻腔外侧壁的临床应用解剖学研究

发布时间:2018-06-04 04:43

  本文选题:鼻内镜 + 钩突 ; 参考:《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文


【摘要】:目的:研究鼻腔外侧壁上各窦口及周边结构的位置与分布,以可在鼻内镜下作为标志点的组织结构为研究对象,测量其与窦口间关系的相关数据,以找出定位各窦口以及重要标志点的方法,为临床鼻内镜下寻找鼻腔外侧壁组织结构提供解剖学依据。 材料与方法:本研究利用40具(共80侧)经福尔马林固定过的干性成人尸头标本,其中男性27具,女性13具,鼻腔及鼻窦区域无外伤、畸形或手术改变,年龄不详。矢状纵行切开尸头,去除鼻中隔充分暴露研究区域,对鼻腔外侧壁结构的相互关系及相关参数进行测量,所得数据使用SPSS11.5统计学分析软件进行分析处理。 结果: (1)上颌窦裂口的矢状径为17.60±2.08mm,最大值为23.24mm,最小值为14.68mm;垂直径为11.27±2.10mm,最大值为16.08mm,最小值为7.42mm;上颌窦裂口前界与钩突的距离为3.83±1.25mm,最大值为6.44mm,最小值为1.64mm;上颌窦裂口后界与钩突的距离为12.74±2.23mm,最大值为17.62mm,最小值为7.08mm。 (2)上颌窦内口的矢状径为6.95±0.34mm,最大值为7.18mm,最小值为6.74mm;垂直径为2.50±0.21mm,最大值为2.74mm,最小值为2.10mm;上颌窦裂口与内口间的距离为7.62±0.64mm,最大值为7.80mm,最小值为7.44mm。 (3)钩突的前上末端至中鼻甲前附着点的距离为0.62±0.16mm,最大值为0.88mm,最小值为0.36mm;钩突的后下末端至下鼻甲附着点的垂直距离为1.32±0.41mm,最大值为1.82mm,最小值为0.98mm;钩突的前上末端至额窦口前缘的距离为0.52±0.10mm,最大值为0.70mm,最小值为0.36mm;钩突的后下末端至额窦口后缘的距离为1.07±0.26mm,最大值为1.52mm,最小值为0.78mm;钩突的长度为16.88±3.47mm,最大值为19.06mm,最小值为11.92mm;钩突的高度为4.72±0.58mm,最大值为5.14mm,最小值为3.28mm;鼻丘中心点至中鼻甲前端附着点的距离为1.95±0.38mm,其中最大值为2.52mm,最小值为1.60mm。 (4)筛泡的矢状径为9.73±3.10mm,最大值为12.18mm,最小值为5.74mm;垂直径为12.50±4.72mm,最大值为18.58mm,最小值为6.60mm;筛泡中心点至鼻棘的距离为31.62±7.46mm,最大值为40.98mm,最小值为22.50mm;筛泡中心点至下鼻甲附着缘的距离为12.88±4.63mm,最大值为18.32mm,最小值为7.60mm。 (5)最浅点至鼻小柱的距离为61.82±5.74mm,最大值为67.20mm,最小值为55.72mm;至蝶窦口下缘的距离为5.63±0.58mm,最大值为6.02mm,最小值为5.14mm;至蝶腭孔中点的距离为9.28±0.79mm,最大值为10.06mm,最小值为8.30mm;至后鼻孔的距离为7.80±0.64mm,最大值为8.62mm,最小值为7.10mm;至前鼻棘的距离为49.37±6.27mm,最大值为57.24mm,最小值为40.88mm。 (6)蝶窦开口的矢状径为5.18±0.43mm,最大值为6.02mm,最小值为4.62mm;垂直径为3.16±0.33mm,最大值为3.54mm,,最小值为2.88mm;至后鼻孔的距离为15.34±2.70mm,最大值为18.92mm,最小值为11.76mm;至上鼻甲尾部的距离为9.67±1.21mm,最大值为12.04mm,最小值为8.36mm;至上鼻道末端的距离为12.72±1.85mm,最大值为15.58mm,最小值为10.72mm;至中鼻甲尾部的距离为20.04±2.36mm,最大值为23.44mm,最小值为17.28mm;至中鼻道末端的距离为25.62±2.61mm,最大值为29.62mm,最小值为22.76mm;与后组筛窦开口间的距离为6.08±1.53mm最大值为7.80mm,最小值为4.28mm, (7)额窦开口的横径为3.57±0.83mm,最大值为4.28mm,最小值为2.52mm;纵径为1.72±0.27mm,最大值为1.96mm,最小值为1.30mm;额窦的中点矢状径为9.25±2.73mm,最大值为12.54mm,最小值为7.02mm;中鼻甲前下附着点距额窦口距离为10.26±2.61mm,最大值为13.94mm,最小值为7.68mm。 (8)钩突头端与额窦开口的距离为7.85±1.53mm,最大值为10.26mm,最小值为5.88mm;筛泡前壁与额窦开口的距离为4.62±0.87mm,最大值为5.94mm,最小值为3.52mm;鼻丘与额窦开口的距离为9.27±1.02mm,最大值为11.08mm,最小值为7.62mm。 结论: (1)沿上颌窦开口向内深入约8mm,可通过缩窄的上颌窦内口进入窦腔。 (2)钩突、鼻丘和筛泡的定位及相互关系对术中视野的开放以及特定结构的切除具有重要意义。 (3)蝶窦开口前区的定位对于定义和寻找蝶窦开口及周边重要组织结构具有突出的意义。定位蝶窦开口为内镜下进入蝶窦及蝶窦口与后组筛窦口的鉴别提供了解剖学依据。 (4)根据额窦开口与钩突头端、筛泡前壁以及鼻丘的距离可定位额窦开口,为鼻内镜下的定位寻找提供了解剖学依据,对临床操作具有指导作用。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the location and distribution of the sinus and its surrounding structures on the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, and to measure the relationship between the sinus and the orifice of the sinus through the nasal endoscopy, in order to find the way to locate the orifice of the sinus and the important sign point, and to find the structure of the lateral nasal wall under the bed nasal endoscope. For anatomical basis.
Materials and methods: in this study, 40 dry adult cadavers fixed in 80 sides of formalin were used in this study, including 27 males and 13 females. There were no trauma, malformation or surgical changes in the nasal and paranasal sinus areas. The sagittal longitudinal incision of the head, the area of nasal septum filling exposure, and the relationship between the lateral wall structure of the nasal cavity was removed. Department and related parameters were measured, and the data were analyzed by SPSS11.5 statistical analysis software.
Result锛

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