爆炸冲击波对人体创伤效应评估软件设计

发布时间：2018-02-22 23:22

本文关键词： 爆炸冲击波人体创伤毁伤评估 TNT当量压强爆炸环境　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：战争、军事冲突和恐怖主义活动等爆炸环境中所造成的人员伤亡以及在煤矿开采、爆破作业等工业生产中发生的爆炸事故造成的人员伤亡近年来受到国内外媒体和研究人员的广泛关注。然而,此类人员伤亡事故主要源于爆炸冲击波造成的人体器官损伤,因此开展爆炸冲击波对人员创伤效应评估的研究具有非常重要的现实意义和科学价值。本学位论文通过理论分析、算法设计和软件编制等方式研究了爆炸致死机制和爆炸冲击波创伤的机理。首先,结合当前国内外爆炸冲击波创伤效应研究的现状以及各类创伤评估模型中关于爆炸冲击波对人体创伤的评价机制,探讨了爆炸致死过程以及冲击波创伤的评估方法。其次,论文基于爆炸威力基础理论,尤其是复杂环境考虑爆炸环境和人暴露环境影响的爆炸压强和冲量的计算方法,给出了炸药的类型、爆炸场所信息、人暴露场所信息等爆炸环境对爆炸冲击波威力的影响,通过爆炸冲击波对人体的创伤评估理论和评估软件的算法设计,研究了冲击波对人体创伤的各个基本类型(肺部破裂、头骨受损、身体移动等)。同时,论文根据创伤效应评估的基本步骤,第一步完成压强和冲量的计算,第二步确定肺部受损概率,第三步确定整个身体位移造成的受损概率,第四步计算头骨破碎的受损概率,最后评估综合创伤。构建了创伤效应评估软件的基本模块,分别包括武器描述模块、爆炸场所信息模块、人暴露场所信息模块、炸药威力评估模块等子模块,设计编写了程序控制的具体流程及评估算法。最后,通过案例计算对设计出的创伤效应评估软件的准确性进行了验证,结果表明:评估系统界面友好,运行性能稳定,评估数值准确,满足工程应用软件对于简便、快速及准确的要求,可为医疗防护、战斗部设计、靶场试验等领域提供快速有效的毁伤效应参考。
[Abstract]:Casualties in explosive environments such as war, military conflict and terrorist activities, as well as mining in coal mines, In recent years, the casualties caused by explosion accidents in industrial production such as blasting operations have attracted extensive attention from the media and researchers at home and abroad. However, such casualties mainly result from the damage to human organs caused by blast waves. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and scientific value to study the impact of blast wave on personnel trauma. Algorithm design and software programming are used to study the mechanism of explosive death and explosive shock wave trauma. First of all, Combined with the current research situation of blast shock wave trauma effect at home and abroad and the evaluation mechanism of explosion shock wave on human body injury in all kinds of trauma assessment models, this paper discusses the process of explosion death and the evaluation method of shock wave trauma. Secondly, the evaluation method of blast wave trauma is discussed. Based on the basic theory of explosive power, especially the calculation method of explosion pressure and impulse considering the influence of explosion environment and human exposure environment in complex environment, the information of explosive type and explosive location is given. The effect of explosion environment, such as human exposure site information, on blast wave power is studied. The basic types of shock wave injury to human body (lung rupture) are studied by the theory of shock wave trauma assessment and the algorithm design of evaluation software. At the same time, according to the basic steps of trauma effect assessment, the first step is to calculate the pressure and impulse, the second step is to determine the probability of lung damage, and the third step is to determine the probability of damage caused by the whole body displacement. The damage probability of skull fragmentation is calculated in 4th steps, and the comprehensive trauma is evaluated finally. The basic modules of trauma effect assessment software are constructed, including weapon description module, explosion site information module, human exposure site information module, etc. The specific process and evaluation algorithm of the program control are designed and compiled. Finally, the accuracy of the designed trauma effect assessment software is verified by the case calculation. The results show that the evaluation system has the advantages of friendly interface, stable operation performance, accurate evaluation value, simple, fast and accurate requirements of engineering application software, and can be used for medical protection and warhead design. Range test and other fields provide a fast and effective reference for damage effect.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.52;R642

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