股骨假体柄优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 07:34

本文选题：股骨 + 假体柄　；参考：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：人体髋关节病变、事故致使关节功能受损或丧失,会给人们工作和生活带来极大的痛苦和不便,而全髋置换手术是解决这一问题的非常有效的办法,目前在临床治疗中被广泛采纳和应用。在全髋置换手术中,与股骨接触的部件是假体柄,它是关节反力的主要受力部件,关节反力通过假体柄传递给股骨,对整个植入关节起着固定作用,是人工髋关节的重要部件。研究假体柄内部几何形状对股骨和假体柄应力分布的影响,对设计应力遮挡效应低的假体具有重要的意义和价值。论文以健康股骨以及术后股骨系统为研究对象,探索内部结构不同的柄植入股骨后的应力分布情况,并对其进行综合比较,找出应力效应低的结构,并对该结构进行了调整参数的优化设计。具体研究内容如下:(1)运用Mimics、Geomagic Studio、UG软件,针对某一健康股骨的CT扫描数据,建立股骨的三维实体模型。运用UG的高级仿真有限元功能,模拟两种生物力学环境下,健康股骨的应力分布情况。(2)依据Mimics软件测量的股骨上段几何数据,确定柄的外轮廓尺寸参数;运用UG的二次开发技术,结合C/C++程序设计语言,对内部结构为实心、圆柱通孔、矩形腔的三种柄结构进行参数化建模;在UG中,模拟全髋置换手术,建立三种柄的术后模型。以达到根据实际情况快速修改柄的尺寸参数,重建柄模型的目的。(3)首先,应用有限元分析方法及UG NX的高级仿真模块,模拟在单足静止站立、45%步态时刻两种生物力学环境下三种柄的术后模型应力分布情况,并将其应力分布结果与健康股骨进行对比分析,得出了内部结构为矩形腔的柄应力遮挡效应最低的结论。然后,对矩形腔柄进行调整参数方式的优化设计,得到应力遮挡效应低且应力分布更加合理的矩形腔柄结构。本课题探索了假体柄的生物力学分析和结构设计方法,可为假体柄的快速优化设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:The human hip joint disease, the accident causes the joint function to be damaged or loses, will bring the great pain and the inconvenience to the people's work and the life, but the total hip replacement surgery is the very effective method to solve this problem. At present, it is widely adopted and applied in clinical treatment. In total hip arthroplasty, the part in contact with the femur is the prosthetic handle, which is the main force component of the joint reaction. The joint reaction force is transmitted to the femur through the prosthetic handle, which plays a fixed role on the whole implanted joint and is an important part of the artificial hip joint. It is of great significance and value to study the influence of the internal geometry of the prosthetic handle on the stress distribution of the femur and the prosthesis handle. It is of great significance and value to design the prosthesis with low stress occlusion effect. In this paper, the healthy femur and the postoperative femur system were taken as the research object to explore the stress distribution of the femur with different internal structures, and to find out the structure with low stress effect. The optimized design of adjusting parameters is carried out for the structure. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the 3D solid model of femur is established by using the software of Mimicsl Geomagic Studio UG and the CT scan data of a healthy femur. Using the advanced simulation finite element function of UG to simulate the stress distribution of the healthy femur under two biomechanical environments. (2) according to the geometry data of the upper femur measured by Mimics software, the outer contour dimension parameters of the handle are determined. By using the secondary development technology of UG and C / C programming language, parameterized modeling of three kinds of shank structures with solid internal structure, cylindrical through hole and rectangular cavity is carried out. In UG, the operation of total hip replacement is simulated and the postoperative model of three kinds of shanks is established. In order to quickly modify the size parameters of the shank and reconstruct the shank model according to the actual situation, firstly, the finite element analysis method and the advanced simulation module of UG NX are used. The stress distribution of three kinds of hilts in two biomechanical environments at 45% gait time was simulated, and the stress distribution results were compared with those of healthy femur. It is concluded that the shank stress occlusion effect with rectangular cavity is the lowest. Then, the optimization design of adjusting the parameters of the rectangular cavity shank is carried out, and the rectangular cavity shank structure with low stress shielding effect and more reasonable stress distribution is obtained. In this paper, the biomechanical analysis and structural design method of prosthesis handle are explored, which can provide reference for rapid optimization design of prosthesis handle.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R687;R318.1

【相似文献】