国人膝关节前外侧韧带的解剖学研究
发布时间：2019-01-19 19:21
【摘要】：目的解剖研究国人膝关节前外侧韧带(anterolateral ligament,ALL),探讨ALL结构特征,为临床上ALL损伤的诊治,特别是ALL重建手术的开展提供参考。方法选用成年尸体膝关节标本16具,男、女各8具,左、右膝各8具;供体年龄57~84岁,平均73.5岁。根据标准入路进行解剖,并对ALL进行定性和定量的描述。结果 16具标本中12具可见ALL,出现率为75.0%。它起自股骨外上髁,起点位于外侧副韧带(lateral collateral ligament,LCL)的起点近端后方,其走行越过LCL表面或与之并行,韧带中段与外侧半月板体部边缘紧密相连,止点位于Gerdy结节和腓骨头之间,止点中心与Gerdy结节中心以及腓骨头最外侧缘的距离分别为(23.9±3.3)、(23.8±4.0)mm。膝关节中立位屈曲0°和60°时ALL长度分别为(44.8±5.1)、(47.8±5.5)mm,比较差异无统计学意义(t=14.071,P=0.000),在膝关节屈曲60°合并内旋时ALL较紧张。根据男女进行分组比较,屈曲0°和60°时男性ALL长度均显著大于女性(t=2.920,P=0.015;t=2.806,P=0.019);其余测量指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 ALL是一条位于膝关节前外侧的独立非等长韧带结构,其长度存在性别差异。ALL在维持膝关节旋转稳定性方面发挥一定作用,临床上应引起足够重视。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the anterolateral ligament of knee joint (anterolateral ligament,ALL) in Chinese and to explore the structural characteristics of ALL, and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ALL injury, especially for the reconstruction of ALL. Methods Sixteen adult cadavers (8 males, 8 females, 8 left and 8 right knees) were selected and the donor age was 5784 years (mean 73.5 years). Dissection was performed according to the standard approach and ALL was described qualitatively and quantitatively. Results the incidence of ALL, was 75.0 in 12 of 16 specimens. It originated from the lateral epicondyle of the femur, and the starting point was behind the starting point of the lateral collateral ligament (lateral collateral ligament,LCL). It crossed or paralleled the surface of the LCL, and the middle part of the ligament was closely connected to the edge of the lateral meniscus. The distance between the Gerdy tubercle and the fibula head, the distance between the center of the stop point and the center of the Gerdy nodule and the most lateral edge of the fibula head is (23.9 卤3.3), (23.8 卤4.0) mm., respectively. There was no significant difference in ALL length (44.8 卤5.1), (47.8 卤5.5) mm, between 0 掳and 60 掳flexion in neutral position of knee joint (t = 14.071). ALL was more tense when flexion of knee joint was 60 掳with internal rotation. The length of ALL in males was significantly larger than that in females at flexion of 0 掳and 60 掳(t = 2.920, P = 0.015, P = 2.806, P = 0.019), but there was no significant difference in other measurements (P0.05). Conclusion ALL is an independent non-isoscele ligament structure located on the anterolateral side of the knee joint, and its length is different in sex. ALL plays a certain role in maintaining the stability of knee joint rotation, which should be paid more attention in clinic.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学与关节镜外科;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2015AA033703) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81572108、81370052) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1100300)~~
【分类号】：R322;R687.4
[Abstract]:Objective to study the anterolateral ligament of knee joint (anterolateral ligament,ALL) in Chinese and to explore the structural characteristics of ALL, and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of ALL injury, especially for the reconstruction of ALL. Methods Sixteen adult cadavers (8 males, 8 females, 8 left and 8 right knees) were selected and the donor age was 5784 years (mean 73.5 years). Dissection was performed according to the standard approach and ALL was described qualitatively and quantitatively. Results the incidence of ALL, was 75.0 in 12 of 16 specimens. It originated from the lateral epicondyle of the femur, and the starting point was behind the starting point of the lateral collateral ligament (lateral collateral ligament,LCL). It crossed or paralleled the surface of the LCL, and the middle part of the ligament was closely connected to the edge of the lateral meniscus. The distance between the Gerdy tubercle and the fibula head, the distance between the center of the stop point and the center of the Gerdy nodule and the most lateral edge of the fibula head is (23.9 卤3.3), (23.8 卤4.0) mm., respectively. There was no significant difference in ALL length (44.8 卤5.1), (47.8 卤5.5) mm, between 0 掳and 60 掳flexion in neutral position of knee joint (t = 14.071). ALL was more tense when flexion of knee joint was 60 掳with internal rotation. The length of ALL in males was significantly larger than that in females at flexion of 0 掳and 60 掳(t = 2.920, P = 0.015, P = 2.806, P = 0.019), but there was no significant difference in other measurements (P0.05). Conclusion ALL is an independent non-isoscele ligament structure located on the anterolateral side of the knee joint, and its length is different in sex. ALL plays a certain role in maintaining the stability of knee joint rotation, which should be paid more attention in clinic.
【作者单位】： 复旦大学附属华山医院运动医学与关节镜外科;
【基金】：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2015AA033703) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(81572108、81370052) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1100300)~~
【分类号】：R322;R687.4
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