寰枢椎脱位诊断和治疗的研究进展
发布时间：2019-06-11 03:12
【摘要】：寰枢椎脱位是颅颈交界区的一种常见疾病,是由创伤、先天畸形、炎症等因素造成寰枢椎关节面失去正常对合关系,发生关节功能障碍伴或不伴神经压迫的病理状态。因寰枢椎解剖结构复杂,功能特殊,部位较深,以及脱位后的不稳定性,对寰枢椎脱位的诊断和治疗有一定的挑战性。寰枢椎脱位分型较多,较有临床指导意义的有谭明生的3型分法和Wang S等提出的4型分法。寰枢椎脱位的治疗分为保守和手术两种,对于损伤程度较轻,且稳定性较好的寰枢椎脱位,应当首先考虑保守治疗,包括牵引、固定等。对于保守治疗失败的、不稳定的或伴脊髓神经损伤的寰枢椎脱位,应考虑选择手术。目前常用手术方式包括前路复位固定、后路复位固定、前后路联合等,在选择手术方案时应始终贯穿个性化原则,以达到最佳治疗目的。随着当代上颈椎外科诊疗水平的提高,寰枢椎脱位的诊疗技术也随之得到了很大发展。本文就国内外对寰枢椎脱位诊疗技术的一些最新的研究进展做一综述,为寰枢椎脱位的合理治疗提供参考作用。
[Abstract]:Atlantoaxial dislocation is a common disease in the cranio-cervical junction. It is caused by trauma, congenital deformity, inflammation and other factors, resulting in the loss of normal alignment of atlantoaxial joint surface, and the pathological state of joint dysfunction with or without nerve compression. Because of the complexity of atlantoaxial anatomical structure, special function, deep position and instability after dislocation, it is challenging for the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. There are many types of atlantoaxial dislocation, and the three types of atlantoaxial dislocation are Tan Mingsheng's 3 type method and Wang S's 4 type method. The treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation can be divided into conservative and surgical treatment. For atlantoaxial dislocation with mild injury and good stability, conservative treatment, including traction and fixation, should be considered first. For atlantoaxial dislocation with failed conservative treatment, unstable or spinal nerve injury, surgery should be considered. At present, the common surgical methods include anterior reduction and fixation, posterior reduction and fixation, anterior and posterior approach combination and so on. In order to achieve the best treatment purpose, the principle of individualization should always be used in the selection of surgical schemes. With the improvement of surgical diagnosis and treatment of upper cervical vertebrae, the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation has been greatly developed. In this paper, some recent research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation at home and abroad is reviewed, which provides a reference for the rational treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R687.3
[Abstract]:Atlantoaxial dislocation is a common disease in the cranio-cervical junction. It is caused by trauma, congenital deformity, inflammation and other factors, resulting in the loss of normal alignment of atlantoaxial joint surface, and the pathological state of joint dysfunction with or without nerve compression. Because of the complexity of atlantoaxial anatomical structure, special function, deep position and instability after dislocation, it is challenging for the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. There are many types of atlantoaxial dislocation, and the three types of atlantoaxial dislocation are Tan Mingsheng's 3 type method and Wang S's 4 type method. The treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation can be divided into conservative and surgical treatment. For atlantoaxial dislocation with mild injury and good stability, conservative treatment, including traction and fixation, should be considered first. For atlantoaxial dislocation with failed conservative treatment, unstable or spinal nerve injury, surgery should be considered. At present, the common surgical methods include anterior reduction and fixation, posterior reduction and fixation, anterior and posterior approach combination and so on. In order to achieve the best treatment purpose, the principle of individualization should always be used in the selection of surgical schemes. With the improvement of surgical diagnosis and treatment of upper cervical vertebrae, the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation has been greatly developed. In this paper, some recent research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation at home and abroad is reviewed, which provides a reference for the rational treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation.
【学位授予单位】：河北医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R687.3
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 高延征;高坤;余正红;陈书连;王红强;张广泉;张敬乙;施新革;;“in-out-in”多皮质枢椎椎弓根螺钉在寰枢椎脱位或不稳后路手术中的应用[J];中国脊柱脊髓杂志;2017年01期
2 杨s，
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