275例儿童视神经炎患者流行病学及临床特征分析
发布时间：2018-10-10 17:42
【摘要】：目的了解儿童视神经炎(ON)患者的流行病学及临床特征,为ON患儿的早期诊疗提供科学依据。方法收集2010年11月~2014年1月就诊于全国17家医院的275例(414眼)儿童ON患者的临床资料,记录其人口学特征、病因分型、前驱病史、临床症状、眼科和影像学检查结果及预后情况,进行回顾性分析。结果 275例患者中男女性别发病比为1∶1.24。发病年龄为2~15岁,以6岁及以上为主(94.5%)。儿童ON发病主要集中在秋、冬季节(64.4%),夏季较少(11.6%)。216例(78.5%)患者符合特发性ON诊断标准。单眼发病者136例(49.5%),双眼同时或相继发病者139例(50.5%)。80例(29.1%)患者在发病前3个月内有前驱病史。270例(377眼)进行了视力检查,201眼(53.3%)视力0.1;271例(406眼)进行了眼底镜检查,299眼(73.6%)出现视神经乳头炎。视神经、脊髓和头颅3个部位在MRI检查中出现异常的比例分别为55.0%、41.2%和25.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=29.602,P0.013)。随访82眼发病3个月后的最佳恢复情况,71眼(86.6%)的视力得到恢复。结论儿童ON好发于6岁及以上的女性,以特发性ON为最常见的病因类型,单眼和双眼发病比例接近,以视力下降严重、视神经乳头炎为主要的临床特征,预后效果较好。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of children with optic neuritis (ON) in order to provide scientific basis for early diagnosis and treatment of ON. Methods Clinical data of 275 children (414 eyes) with ON from November 2010 to January 2014 in 17 hospitals in China were collected, and their demographic characteristics, etiological classification, history of previous disease and clinical symptoms were recorded. The results and prognosis of ophthalmology and imaging examination were analyzed retrospectively. Results the ratio of male to female was 1: 1.24 in 275 patients. The age of onset was 2 or 15 years old, mainly aged 6 years and above (94.5%). The incidence of ON in children was mainly in autumn, winter (64.4%) and summer (11.6%). 216 cases (78.5%) met the diagnostic criteria of idiopathic ON. 136 cases (49.5%) developed monocular disease, 139 cases (50.5%) occurred simultaneously or sequentially. 80 cases (29.1%) had a history of prodromal disease within 3 months before onset. 270 cases (377 eyes) underwent visual acuity examination, 201 eyes (53.3%) underwent fundus examination in 271 cases (406 eyes), and 299 eyes (299 eyes) had fundus examination. The incidence of optic papilltis was 73.6%. The abnormal rates of optic nerve, spinal cord and skull in MRI were 51.2% and 25.4%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (29.602) P 0.013). 82 eyes were followed up for 3 months. 71 eyes (86.6%) had recovered their visual acuity. Conclusion ON in children is more common in women aged 6 years or older. Idiopathic ON is the most common etiologic type. The incidence of monocular and binocular diseases is similar, the visual acuity is serious and optic papillitis is the main clinical feature, and the prognosis is good.
【作者单位】： 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;北京市疾病预防控制中心;首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科;中国人民解放军总医院眼科中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI08B06)
【分类号】：R774.61
，
本文编号：2262699
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of children with optic neuritis (ON) in order to provide scientific basis for early diagnosis and treatment of ON. Methods Clinical data of 275 children (414 eyes) with ON from November 2010 to January 2014 in 17 hospitals in China were collected, and their demographic characteristics, etiological classification, history of previous disease and clinical symptoms were recorded. The results and prognosis of ophthalmology and imaging examination were analyzed retrospectively. Results the ratio of male to female was 1: 1.24 in 275 patients. The age of onset was 2 or 15 years old, mainly aged 6 years and above (94.5%). The incidence of ON in children was mainly in autumn, winter (64.4%) and summer (11.6%). 216 cases (78.5%) met the diagnostic criteria of idiopathic ON. 136 cases (49.5%) developed monocular disease, 139 cases (50.5%) occurred simultaneously or sequentially. 80 cases (29.1%) had a history of prodromal disease within 3 months before onset. 270 cases (377 eyes) underwent visual acuity examination, 201 eyes (53.3%) underwent fundus examination in 271 cases (406 eyes), and 299 eyes (299 eyes) had fundus examination. The incidence of optic papilltis was 73.6%. The abnormal rates of optic nerve, spinal cord and skull in MRI were 51.2% and 25.4%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 ~ (29.602) P 0.013). 82 eyes were followed up for 3 months. 71 eyes (86.6%) had recovered their visual acuity. Conclusion ON in children is more common in women aged 6 years or older. Idiopathic ON is the most common etiologic type. The incidence of monocular and binocular diseases is similar, the visual acuity is serious and optic papillitis is the main clinical feature, and the prognosis is good.
【作者单位】： 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;北京市疾病预防控制中心;首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科;中国人民解放军总医院眼科中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAI08B06)
【分类号】：R774.61
，
本文编号：2262699
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