武山县50岁及以上人群白内障患病率及相关因素分析

发布时间：2019-03-27 21:48

【摘要】：目的:1.通过眼科检查,统计甘肃省武山县50岁及以上人群白内障患病率,以及对不同年龄组、不同性别之间患病率进行比较;2.通过眼科相关检查及填写调查问卷,分析武山县50岁以上人群的白内障相关因素,为防治白内障提供依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样法,于武山县所辖集镇中随机抽取2个集镇,从所辖行政村中随机抽取2个行政村,最终对所选的2个集镇及2个乡村50岁及以上人群进行调查。对符合条件的人群进行眼科检查,包括视力检查、问卷调查、眼压测量、验光、眼前后节检查及问卷调查,问卷内容包括一般情况(年龄、性别、职业、民族、文化程度、家庭人均年收入)、健康习惯(吸烟史、饮酒史、喝茶习惯、烹饪方式、取暖方式、家庭水源、视频暴露时间)、全身慢性病史(糖尿病、高血压、风湿病),由调查员帮助填写白内障调查问卷表;使用Epidata3.1进行数据录入,运用SPSS16.0对数据进行统计分析,其中,采用χ2检验进行白内障相关因素的单因素分析,logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果:该地区白内障总患病率为39.1%,其中男性39.1%,女性39.2%,50-59岁的人群白内障患病率为12.4%,60-69岁患病率为48.1%,70-79岁患病率为76.1%,80岁及以上患病率为91.8%,随着年龄的增长,患病率也逐渐上升。logistic回归结果显示:城乡、文化程度、年龄、视频暴露时间、吸烟与否、烟龄等六个因素为白内障的相关因素;其中,居住地点为乡村、文化程度较高为白内障发生的保护性因素,居住点为城市、文盲、年龄增加,吸烟,烟龄长者为白内障的危险性因素。结论:甘肃省武山县50岁及以上人群的白内障患病率已处于较高水平,随着个体年龄的增长,白内障的患病率也随之增加。居住点为乡村、文化程度较高为白内障发生的保护性因素,居住点为城市、文盲、年龄增加,吸烟,烟龄长者为白内障的危险性因素。
[Abstract]:Purpose: 1. Through ophthalmological examination, the prevalence rate of cataract in Wushan county, Gansu province, aged 50 years and above, and the prevalence rate of cataract in different age groups and different sexes were compared. Through ophthalmological examination and filling out questionnaire, the related factors of cataract in people over 50 years old in Wushan county were analyzed in order to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of cataract. Methods: using stratified random cluster sampling method, two towns were randomly selected from the towns under the jurisdiction of Wushan County, and two administrative villages were randomly selected from the administrative villages under their jurisdiction. Finally, the population aged 50 or above in two towns and two villages were investigated. Ophthalmological examination, including visual examination, questionnaire survey, intraocular pressure measurement, optometry, posterior anterior segment examination and questionnaire survey, including general information (age, gender, occupation, nationality, education level), were performed in the eligible population, including eyesight examination, questionnaire survey, intraocular pressure measurement, optometry, anterior posterior segment examination and questionnaire survey. Annual income per family), healthy habits (history of smoking, drinking, cooking, heating, home water, time of video exposure), general chronic history (diabetes, hypertension, rheumatism), Filling out the cataract questionnaire form with the help of the investigator; Epidata3.1 was used for data entry and SPSS16.0 for statistical analysis. 蠂 ~ 2 test was used for univariate analysis of cataract-related factors and logistic regression was used for multi-factor analysis. Results: the total prevalence rate of cataract in this area was 39.1%, including 39.1% for males and 39.2% for females. The prevalence rate of cataract was 12.4% for people aged 50 years and 59 years old, and 48.1% for people aged 60 to 69 years. The prevalence rate was 76.1% at the age of 70 years and 91.8% at the age of 80 and over. Logistic regression analysis showed that the age, time of video exposure, smoking or not, in urban and rural areas, education level, age, time of video exposure, smoking or not, increased gradually with the increase of age. Smoking age and other six factors were related to cataract; Among them, the place of residence is rural, the higher education level is the protective factor of cataract occurrence, the residence point is city, the illiterate, the age increases, the smoking is the risk factor of cataract, and the smoking age is the risk factor of cataract. Conclusion: the prevalence rate of cataract in Wushan county, Gansu province is higher than that of 50-year-old population. With the increase of individual age, the prevalence rate of cataract also increases. The residence point is rural, the higher education level is the protective factor of cataract occurrence, and the residence point is city, illiterate, age increasing, smoking, smoking age are the risk factors of cataract.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R776.1

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