苏州市某城区社区预防和控制高血压的效果

发布时间：2018-01-02 03:13

本文关键词：苏州市某城区社区预防和控制高血压的效果　出处：《苏州大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的1.了解某城区高血压流行现状、高血压相关知识及行为情况、高血压知晓、治疗及控制状况,分析相关危险因素,明确高危人群;2.采取综合措施进行干预,比较干预前后居民高血压相关知识及行为情况,以及高血压知晓、治疗及控制情况,评价干预措施的效果;3.通过提高高血压相关知识知晓率,提升高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率,有效预防和控制高血压。通过此研究为高血压防控提供科学依据,并总结出一套适合当地的高血压防治方案。资料和方法基线调查主要采取整群抽样的方法抽取苏州市某城区三个社区人群作为研究对象,进行问卷调查,测量血压,并进行常规体检。通过基线调查了解苏州市某城区高血压流行现状、高血压相关知识及行为情况、高血压知晓、治疗及控制状况,分析相关危险因素,明确高危人群。社区干预在三个社区进行,采取以健康教育为主的干预措施。抽取455人进行干预评价,评价通过问卷调查进行。结果1.苏州市某城区居民高血压患病率较高(标准化患病率为36.11%)。居民高血压的主要危险因素为年龄增长、男性、高血压家族史、体重指数增加、腰臀围比增加、空腹血糖升高、甘油三酯升高和血尿酸升高,保护因素为文化程度高;居民较缺乏高血压有关知识,但对高血压的严重危害性认知充分,吸烟和饮酒健康行为形成率较高,而低盐和低脂饮食及体育锻炼形成率较低;高血压患者中高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率较低,影响因素主要为年龄、性别、职业。2.本研究参加项目前期基线调查社区居民2131名,随机选取参与基线调查的455名居民进行随访。干预前后高血压患病率无显著差别(P0.05);但与干预前相比,舒张压显著降低(P0.01),而收缩压无明显变化(P0.05)。高血压相关知识知晓率在干预后均有不同程度提高,与干预前相比,差异有统计学意义。但干预前、后,居民对高血压的态度无显著差别(P0.05);在5项健康行为形成情况调查中,不吸烟、不饮酒和参加体育锻炼的形成率在干预后有显著提高(均P0.01)。干预前,高血压患者高血压知晓率为64.27%、治疗率为58.29%、控制率为20.78%;干预后,高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率均有显著提高(均P0.01)。3.本次干预未能显著改变居民高血压患病率和血压水平,但能显著提高居民高血压防治知识知晓率,提升高血压患者对高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。结论苏州市某城区居民高血压患病率较高,高血压已经成为苏州市某城区的重要公共卫生问题之一。本研究中采取的以降低社区居民高血压主要危险因素,提高居民高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率为目标的高血压综合干预手段是有效的。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the epidemic situation of a city of 1., hypertension, hypertension related knowledge and behavior of hypertension awareness, treatment and control of the situation, analyze the related risk factors and clear high risk population; 2. take comprehensive measures to intervene, compared before and after the intervention of hypertension related knowledge and behavior, as well as the hypertension awareness, treatment and control, evaluation of intervention measures the effect of 3.; by improving the awareness rate of hypertension related knowledge, enhance the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate, effective prevention and control of hypertension. This study provides the scientific basis for the prevention and control of hypertension, and summed up a set of solutions for the local prevention and treatment of hypertension. The baseline survey data and method mainly adopts a city cluster sampling extraction methods three Suzhou city community as the research object, questionnaire, measurement of blood pressure, and routine physical examination. Through the baseline To investigate the epidemic situation of a district of Suzhou City, hypertension, hypertension related knowledge and behavior of hypertension awareness, treatment and control of the situation, analyze the related risk factors and specific high-risk groups. Community intervention was conducted in three communities to take health education intervention. Intervention evaluation of 455 samples, evaluated by questionnaire survey. Results the hypertension in a district of Suzhou city in 1. high prevalence rates (standardized prevalence rate was 36.11%). The main risk factors for hypertension age, male, family history of hypertension, body mass index, waist hip ratio, fasting glucose, triglyceride and blood uric acid increased, the protective factors for the cultural degree is high; residents lack knowledge about hypertension, but the serious harm of cognition of hypertension, smoking and drinking health behavior formation rate is high, and low salt and low-fat diet Physical exercise and lower formation rate; hypertension hypertension awareness rate, treatment rate, control rate is low, the main influencing factors were age, gender, occupation of.2. participated in the study of community residents survey project baseline 2131, were randomly selected to participate in the baseline survey of 455 residents were followed up before and after the intervention. The prevalence rate of hypertension without significant differences (P0.05); but compared with before intervention, diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly (P0.01), while no significant changes in systolic blood pressure (P0.05). The rate of increase in varying degrees after the intervention of hypertension related knowledge, compared with before intervention, the difference was statistically significant. But before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the attitude of the residents for high blood pressure (P0.05); the formation of the investigation, not smoking in 5 health behaviors, not drinking and physical exercise in the formation rate was significantly increased after the intervention (P0.01). Before the intervention, the awareness rate of hypertension patients 64.27%, the treatment rate was 58.29%, control rate was 20.78%; after the intervention, the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate were significantly improved (P0.01).3. of the intervention did not significantly change the hypertension prevalence rate and the level of blood pressure, but can significantly improve hypertension prevention knowledge awareness rate, improve hypertensive patients on hypertension the awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate. The high prevalence of hypertension in urban residents of Suzhou City, a conclusion, hypertension has become one of the most important public health problems in Suzhou city. This research is in order to reduce the risk factors of hypertension in community residents, improve residents' awareness of hypertension, comprehensive intervention for hypertension treatment and control rates as the goal is effective.

【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R544.1

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