锦州市社区老年人高血压患病现状与危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:18

本文选题：社区老年人　切入点：高血压　出处：《锦州医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的本研究旨在对锦州市社区老年人高血压患病现状以及患病分布特征的调查分析,探讨锦州社区老年人高血压患病的危险因素,为锦州市制定直接、有效的防治策略和干预措施提供一定的科学依据。方法本研究采用便利抽样,选取锦州市凌河区、古塔区和太和区三个行政区,依据纳入标准和排除标准每个行政区随机抽取300名社区老年人进行问卷调查和体格检查。问卷调查内容主要包括一般人口学状况、高血压基本情况、患病情况及家族史、行为习惯、饮食习惯;体格检查主要包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围、收缩压和舒张压。采用SPSS21.0进行数据的录入和统计分析,单因素分析采用卡方检验,多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析。结果1、锦州市社区老年人收缩压平均水平为(135.62±17.75)mm Hg,舒张压平均为(93.37±7.73)mm Hg,其中高血压病的检出率为40.8%。2、单因素分析结果显示:高血压的患病率在不同年龄组、文化程度、月收入、高血脂、高血压家族史、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、定期测血压、饮食口味、吃海鲜频率、吃肉频率、吃烧烤频率、中心性肥胖以及BMI水平上差异有统计学意义(P0.05),在不同性别、工作情况、糖尿病、冠心病、慢性肾病、其他疾病、冠心病家族史以及糖尿病家族史、饮用浓茶或咖啡、睡眠时间、吃蛋类频率上差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。3、多因素分析结果显示:年龄、月收入、高血压家族史、饮酒、测血压情况、饮食口味、吃海鲜频率、吃烧烤频率、体质指数是社区老年人高血压患病的危险因素。结论1、锦州市社区老年人高血压病检出率较高,且血压知晓率水平较低。2、高龄、低收入、高血压家族史、饮酒、不定期测血压、饮食口味偏咸、吃海鲜频率高、吃烧烤频率高、超重或肥胖是社区老年人高血压患病的独立危险因素。3、高龄、低收入、高血压家族史、饮酒、不定期测血压、饮食口味偏咸、吃海鲜频率高、吃烧烤频率高、超重和肥胖的老年人应该给予更多的关注,教育其改变不良生活方式,保持适当的体重,对有高血压家族史的老年人,尤其要注意对高血压的预防。4、锦州地区城市社区老年人高血压流行的严峻形势下,相关部门应该制订直接有效的干预计划并进行实施,加强对社区老年人高血压的防治工作。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and analyze the prevalence and distribution of hypertension among the elderly in Jinzhou, and to explore the risk factors of hypertension among the elderly in Jinzhou.Effective prevention and control strategies and intervention measures to provide a certain scientific basis.Methods three districts of Linghe District, Guta District and Taihe District of Jinzhou City were selected by convenience sampling. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, 300 elderly people in the community were randomly selected for questionnaire investigation and physical examination.The main contents of the questionnaire included general demography, hypertension, prevalence and family history, behavior habits, eating habits; physical examination mainly included height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.Data input and statistical analysis were carried out by SPSS21.0, chi-square test was used for single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results 1. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 135.62 卤17.75)mm Hg and 93.37 卤7.73)mm Hg, respectively. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 40.80.2.The results of univariate analysis showed that the prevalence rate of hypertension was in different age groups, education level and monthly income.Hyperlipidemia, family history of hypertension, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, regular blood pressure testing, dietary taste, seafood eating frequency, meat eating frequency, barbecue frequency, central obesity and BMI levels were significantly different between the two genders.Work situation, diabetes, coronary heart disease, chronic nephropathy, other diseases, family history of coronary heart disease, family history of diabetes, drinking strong tea or coffee, sleeping time,There was no significant difference in egg frequency (P 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that: age, monthly income, family history of hypertension, drinking, blood pressure test, dietary taste, seafood frequency, barbecue frequency,Body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for hypertension in the elderly in community.Conclusion 1. The prevalence rate of hypertension in the elderly in Jinzhou community is high, and the awareness rate of blood pressure is low. 2. Elderly people, low income, family history of hypertension, drinking, irregular blood pressure testing, salty diet, high frequency of seafood and barbecue.Overweight or obesity is an independent risk factor for hypertension in the elderly in the community. It is an independent risk factor for hypertension in the elderly, elderly people, low income, family history of hypertension, drinking alcohol, irregular blood pressure testing, salty diet, high frequency of seafood consumption and high frequency of barbecue.Older people who are overweight and obese should pay more attention to changing their bad lifestyle, maintaining an appropriate weight, and paying attention to older people with a family history of high blood pressure.Especially pay attention to the prevention of hypertension. 4. Under the severe situation of hypertension epidemic in the urban community of Jinzhou, relevant departments should draw up direct and effective intervention plan and implement it, and strengthen the prevention and treatment of hypertension for the elderly in the community.
【学位授予单位】：锦州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R544.1

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