生活方式综合干预对开滦社区男性职工心血管健康行为及因素的影响

发布时间：2018-06-22 07:24

本文选题：心血管健康行为及因素 + 综合干预　；参考：《重庆医科大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：目的:观察理想的心血管行为及因素在开滦社区男性职工中的流行状态。探讨健康教育及多种生活方式综合干预对开滦社区男性职工心血管健康行为及因素的影响。方法:采用随机抽样的方法在开滦社区随机选取唐山矿、范各庄参与调查研究。2013年7月至2013年8月完成第一次问卷的调查(包括出生年月,婚姻状况,电话号码,文化水平,每月经济收入状况;个人的健康信息,有无高血压病史、糖尿病病史;运动状况,饮食习惯,吸烟状况)并完成相关人体学测量(身高,体重,血压)和生化指标(空腹血糖,总胆固醇,甘油三酯,高密度脂蛋白,低密度脂蛋白)的收集。2013年9月起在干预社区进行心血管疾病的健康教育及多种生活方式综合干预,干预时间为2年。2015年进行随访,调查内容与第一次相同。分析干预后社区男性职工心血管健康行为(吸烟情况,身体质量指数,体育锻炼情况和健康饮食)及因素(总胆固醇,血压及空腹血糖)的改变情况。结果:2013年1738例男性职工参与调查,2015年随访最后纳入统计分析的有效数据为1677例。(1)干预后在饮食习惯、体育锻炼、血压、血脂方面均得到改善,与干预前相比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。干预前后在吸烟、身体质量指数及空腹血糖方面未得到明显改善,干预前后差异无统计学意义。(2)干预后收缩压由原来的(140.75±18.20)mm Hg降为(128.98±15.27)mm Hg,舒张压由(87.96±10.64)mm Hg降到(83.58±9.18)mm Hg,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。总胆固醇由(5.41±2.72)mmol/L降为(4.74±1.06)mmol/L,高密脂蛋白胆固醇由(1.37±0.35)mmol/L增长到(1.54±0.41)mmol/L,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇由(3.29±0.81)mmol/L降为(2.38±0.88)mmol/L,干预前后差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)干预前后平均理想心血管健康行为及因素个数由原来的(2.58±1.11)个增加到(3.01±1.09)个,干预前后差异有统计学差异(P0.01)。(4)根据心血管健康评分标准进行评分,干预前平均健康评分(7.15±2.11),干预后平均健康评分为(8.16±2.00),增加了(1.01±1.56)分,干预前后差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:在开滦社区中男性职工理想的心血管行为及因素流行率低。多种综合方式干预前后对比表明理想的心血管健康行为及因素的个数较前增加,心血管健康评分总分上升,这说明本研究的干预措施是有效的,可以在一定程度上改善开滦社区中男性职工人群健康心血管行为及因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: To observe the epidemic status of ideal cardiovascular behavior and factors in the Kailuan community male workers. To explore the effects of health education and multiple lifestyle comprehensive intervention on cardiovascular health behavior and factors in Kailuan community male workers. Methods: random sampling method was used to select Tangshan mine at random in Kailuan community. A survey was conducted to investigate the first questionnaire from July to August 2013.2013 (including year of birth, marital status, telephone number, cultural level, monthly economic income, personal health information, history of hypertension, diabetes, exercise, diet, smoking) and complete anthropometric measurements (height, weight, blood pressure). ) the collection of biochemical indicators (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL) was collected in the intervention community for the health education of cardiovascular diseases and multiple lifestyle interventions in the intervention community in September.2013. The intervention time was 2 years.2015. The content of the survey was the same as the first time. Changes in cardiovascular health behavior (smoking, body mass index, physical exercise and healthy diet) and factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose) in sex workers. Results: 1738 male workers participated in the survey in 2013, and 1677 cases were followed up in 2015. (1) the prognosis was in the diet habit. Training, blood pressure and blood lipid were all improved, and there was a significant difference between before and after intervention (P0.01). There was no significant improvement in smoking, body mass index and fasting blood glucose before and after intervention, and there was no significant difference before and after intervention. (2) after intervention, the systolic pressure dropped from (140.75 + 18.20) mm Hg to (128.98 + 15.27) mm Hg after intervention. Diastolic pressure dropped from (87.96 + 10.64) mm Hg to (83.58 + 9.18) mm Hg, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.01). Total cholesterol decreased from (5.41 + 2.72) mmol/L to (4.74 + 1.06) mmol/L, high density lipoprotein cholesterol increased from (1.37 + 0.35) mmol/L to (1.54 + 0.41) mmol/L, low density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced to (3.29 +) mmol/L Mmol/L, the difference before and after intervention was statistically significant (P0.01). (3) the average ideal cardiovascular health behavior and factors before and after intervention were increased from (2.58 + 1.11) to (3.01 + 1.09), and there were statistical differences before and after intervention (P0.01). (4) according to the standard of cardiovascular health score, the average health score before intervention (7.15 + 2.) 11) the average health score after intervention was (8.16 + 2) and increased (1.01 + 1.56). The difference was statistically significant before and after intervention (P0.01). Conclusion: the ideal cardiovascular behavior and factors of male workers in Kailuan community were low. The number of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors was increased before and after the intervention. In addition, the total score of the cardiovascular health score is rising, which indicates that the intervention measures are effective and can improve the health and cardiovascular behavior of the male workers in Kailuan community to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R544.1

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