局部动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块对外周血管斑块形成的影响

发布时间：2019-07-03 14:02

【摘要】：背景与目的:动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)是一种严重危害人类健康的常见病,因为AS继发的斑块破裂以及血栓形成是心肌梗死和脑卒中的主要原因。但是动脉粥样硬化的机制十分复杂,到现在仍未完全清楚。现在的大多动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块的研究都围绕人体内环境中血脂、血糖、血压等对斑块进展的影响。但对于局部不稳定斑块对系统性动脉粥样硬化病变发展的贡献知之甚少。因此我们提出了假设即机械损伤引起的局部动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块本身能否分泌某些物质通过血液循环对系统性的动脉粥样硬化斑块的发展造成影响。为此我们将以动物建模实验验证德方式展开研究。材料与方法:动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块模型的建立选取体重年龄适合的新西兰白兔20只,随机分成三组(实验组8只,对照组8只,空白对照4只)。实验组和对照组予以高脂饲料喂养,空白组予以普通饲料喂养。喂养4周后,对实验组的兔子用球囊损伤的方法进行动脉粥样硬化建模,12周后杀死兔子,取双侧颈动脉,腹主动脉,进行病理组织学检测,利用图像分析软件测量各部位平均内膜厚度、斑块面积与官腔面积之比,同时抽取兔子静脉血行血脂分析。结果:实验组的兔子双侧颈动脉以及腹主动脉形成明显动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块,(手术侧颈动脉斑块面积/官腔面积:0.67±0.01、对侧颈动脉斑块面积/官腔面积:0.48±0.02、腹主动脉、斑块面积/官腔面积:0.33±0.05),而对照组以及空白组则没有明显的动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成,平均内膜厚度也无明显差异,相比差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。血脂生化检测结果显示:经过高脂喂养的兔子,各项血脂指标都明显增高,与普通饲料喂养的空白组相比,差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。结论:利用球囊损伤兔子颈动脉联合高脂喂养的方法能有效形成明显的动脉粥样硬化不稳定斑块,且形成的不稳定动脉粥样斑块确实能通过血液循环影响其他外周动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成,这个实验结果将为动脉粥样硬化的研究和治疗提供一个崭新的思路。
[Abstract]:Background & objective: atherosclerosis (atherosclerosis,AS) is a common disease that seriously endangers human health, because plaque rupture and thrombosis secondary to AS are the main causes of myocardial infarction and stroke. However, the mechanism of atherosclerosis is very complex and is still not fully understood. At present, most of the studies of atherosclerotic unstable plaques focus on the effects of blood lipids, blood sugar and blood pressure on plaque progress in the human environment. However, little is known about the contribution of locally unstable plaques to the development of systemic atherosclerosis. Therefore, we put forward the hypothesis that the local atherosclerotic unstable plaques caused by mechanical injury can secrete some substances to affect the development of systemic atherosclerotic plaques through blood circulation. Therefore, we will use animal modeling experiments to verify the German way to carry out research. Materials and methods: twenty New Zealand white rabbits with suitable body weight were randomly divided into three groups: experimental group (n = 8), control group (n = 8) and blank control group (n = 4). The experimental group and the control group were fed with high fat diet, while the blank group was fed with common feed. After 4 weeks of feeding, the rabbits in the experimental group were modeled by balloon injury. After 12 weeks, the rabbits were killed, bilateral carotid arteries and abdominal arteries were taken for pathological histology, the average intimal thickness, plaque area and official cavity area were measured by image analysis software, and blood lipids were collected from rabbit veins for blood lipid analysis. Results: in the experimental group, atherosclerotic unstable plaques were formed in bilateral carotid arteries and abdominal aortic arteries (carotid plaque area / official lumen area: 0.67 卤0.01, contralateral carotid plaque area / official lumen area: 0.48 卤0.02, abdominal aortic, plaque area / official lumen area: 0.33 卤0.05), while there was no significant atherosclerotic plaque formation in control group and blank group. There was no significant difference in average intimal thickness, but there was significant difference between them (p0.05). The results of biochemical test of blood lipid showed that the indexes of blood lipid in rabbits fed with high fat were significantly higher than those in the blank group fed with common feed (p0.05). Conclusion: the method of balloon injury of rabbit carotid artery combined with high fat feeding can effectively form obvious atherosclerotic unstable plaques, and the unstable atherosclerotic plaques can really affect the formation of other peripheral atherosclerotic plaques through blood circulation. This experimental result will provide a new idea for the study and treatment of atherosclerosis.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R543.5

【相似文献】