呼伦贝尔市小学生视力不良状况分析

发布时间：2018-01-11 16:35

本文关键词：呼伦贝尔市小学生视力不良状况分析　出处：《中国学校卫生》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解呼伦贝尔市小学生近视现状及近视眼发生的相关危险因素,为制定有针对性的干预对策提供依据。方法随机整群抽样内蒙古呼伦贝尔市6个地区(海拉尔、根河市、牙克石市、鄂伦春旗、扎兰屯、莫力达瓦旗)一~五年级小学生,对其进行用眼相关影响因素问卷调查,应用非条件Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果呼伦贝尔市6个地区一~五年级小学生近视率为23.7%,女生为25.4%,男生为22.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=19.507,P0.01);不同民族、不同地区学生之间近视率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为19.879,90.201,P值均0.01);随着年级升高学生近视率增高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=83.446,P0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、民族、城乡、年级、父亲职业、近亲近视情况、学习姿势、低龄兴趣班学习、识字年龄、电视或网络使用时间、坐车看书11个因素与小学生近视发生有统计学关联。结论呼伦贝尔市一~五年级小学生的近视率较低,低于全国平均水平,但有随着学龄段升高而上升的趋势。建议及早对小学生进行综合干预,同时加强对家长及教师的教育,提高他们的用眼卫生知识水平及对近视眼预防的重视程度。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the present situation of myopia and the risk factors of myopia in primary school students in Hulunbeier. Methods six regions of Hulunbeir, Inner Mongolia (Hailar, Genhe, Yakeshi, Olunchun Banner, Zarantun) were randomly sampled. The first to fifth grade pupils were investigated with eye related factors. Results the myopia rate of primary school students in grade one to five in Hulunbeir city was 23.7and that of girls was 25.4%. The difference was statistically significant in boys (蠂 2, 19.507, P 0.01). There were significant differences in myopia rate among students of different nationalities and different regions (蠂 ~ 2 = 19.879 ~ 90.201 P = 0.01). The myopia rate of the students increased with the increase of grade, the difference was statistically significant (蠂 ~ 2 / 83.446 / P0.01.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, nationality, urban and rural areas, grade. Father occupation, nearsightedness of close relatives, learning posture, young interest class learning, literacy age, television or network usage time. Conclusion the myopia rate of grade 1 ~ 5 pupils in Hulunbeir is lower than the national average. However, there is a tendency to increase with the increase of school age. It is suggested that comprehensive intervention should be carried out as early as possible, and the education of parents and teachers should be strengthened at the same time. To improve their knowledge of eye hygiene and the importance of myopia prevention.
【作者单位】：内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2014MS08115)
【分类号】：R778.11
【正文快照】： 近视是世界范围的公共卫生问题[1]。当代人类对健康与卫生的要求日益提高,良好的视力也是一项主要的健康内容与功能标准。伴随着都市化、生活现代化迅猛发展,我国大城市地区学生视力不良和近视的发生发展逐步趋于低龄化,6~72月龄的学龄前儿童近视率竟能达到11.0%[2],给儿童青

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