绍兴市初中学生近视状况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:37

本文选题：视力　切入点：低　出处：《中国学校卫生》2014年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解绍兴市青少年近视状况及影响因素,为进一步制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取绍兴市4所中学初一~初三年级909名中学生进行视力检测和问卷调查。结果共有662名学生患有近视,检出率为72.83%。单因素分析显示,初中生近视检出率在不同性别、学校类型、有无近视家族史、每次锻炼时间、一次持续用眼时间、看书距离33 cm、一边走路一边看书、躺着或趴着看书写字、户外活动1 h的不同组别学生间,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。多因素分析显示,女生、高年级、有近视家族史和一次持续用眼时间≥1.5 h、看书距离33 cm、一边走路一边看书频率较多均是初中生近视发生的危险因素,而每天户外活动1 h的频率较多是视力的保护因素(P值均0.05)。结论绍兴市中学生近视检出率较高。女生、高年级、有近视家族史、长时间持续用眼不正确的用眼行为是近视发生的危险因素,而长期参加户外活动对视力有保护作用。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the situation of myopia and its influencing factors among adolescents in Shaoxing, and to provide basis for further intervention measures. Methods stratified cluster random sampling was used. 909 middle school students of grade 1 ~ 3 in Shaoxing City were selected for visual acuity test and questionnaire survey. Results there were 662 students with myopia and the detection rate was 72.83.The single factor analysis showed that the detection rate of myopia was different between sexes. School type, whether or not myopia family history, every time exercise time, a continuous eye time, reading distance 33 cm, while walking while reading, lying or lying down reading and writing, outdoor activities for 1 hour between different groups of students, The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that girls, senior students, Family history of myopia, duration of one eye use more than 1.5 hours, reading distance of 33 cm, walking and reading frequency were all risk factors of myopia in junior high school students. The frequency of outdoor activity for 1 hour per day was more than 0.05 of the protective factors of visual acuity. Conclusion the detection rate of myopia in middle school students in Shaoxing City is higher. There is a family history of myopia in female students, senior grade, and family history of myopia. Prolonged use of the eyes was a risk factor for myopia, and long-term outdoor activities had protective effects on the visual acuity.
【作者单位】：浙江省绍兴市疾病预防控制中心;安徽医科大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R778.11

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