聋人基于工作记忆表征的视觉注意捕获研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 06:40

本文选题：聋人 + 视觉注意捕获　；参考：《华东师范大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：当视觉场景中的客体与工作记忆表征之间具有某个相同特征,并以干扰当前任务的视觉刺激形式出现时,工作记忆表征能自动引导视觉注意选择该刺激,这一现象称为基于工作记忆表征的视觉注意捕获。本论文在回顾前人关于基于工作记忆表征的视觉注意捕获研究的基础上,结合聋人视觉注意的特点,考察不同类型工作记忆表征对聋人的视觉注意捕获的影响,旨在探究聋人工作记忆保持阶段的视觉注意特征。本研究共分为五个部分：第一部分是文献综述。该部分首先论述了工作记忆与视觉选择性注意两者之间的关系,对基于工作记忆表征的视觉注意捕获效应进行详细介绍,并回顾和梳理了前人关于聋人视觉注意特征的研究成果和进展。第二部分是问题提出与研究设计。该部分从宏观层面介绍了研究的目标和设计框架,并对研究范式做了详细描述。第三部分是研究一。该部分探讨了储存在工作记忆当中的非言语表征对聋人视觉注意的影响,共设计了三个系列实验：实验一考察了图形表征对聋人视觉注意捕获的影响,结果发现在基于颜色和形状两个特征维度的视觉注意捕获现象中,聋人在注意选择早期和晚期的注意任务反应时均快于健听者,从而得出推论：聋人在特征联合的视觉捕获过程中视觉通路存在一定的敏感性；实验二考察了图形特征值对聋人视觉注意捕获的影响,发现形状信息在注意选择的早期阶段得到了聋人较多的注意资源,在注意选择晚期阶段聋人基于特征值的视觉注意捕获反应时要慢于健听者,颜色表征的捕获效力不如健听者明显；实验三将无意义的抽象图形作为刺激材料,在非言语加工条件下进一步考察视觉刺激对聋人视觉注意捕获的影响,结果发现聋人在低知觉负载条件下的注意绩效要低于健听者,具体表现为在注意选择早期阶段,抽象的形状信息得到了聋人更多的注意关注,聋人在注意选择早期和晚期的视觉注意捕获反应时均慢于健听者。第四部分是研究二。该部分在研究一基础上进一步考察工作记忆当中的言语表征对聋人视觉注意的影响,共设计了两个系列实验：实验四考察了语义信息对聋人视觉注意捕获的影响,结果发现在言语表征保持阶段,视野中与言语信息语义表述一致的视觉刺激会获得视觉注意的偏向,聋人基于语义信息的视觉注意捕获反应时慢于健听者；实验五考察语义不完全匹配条件下聋人基于言语信息的视觉注意捕获特征,结果发现相对于形状,言语表征中的颜色信息对被试的视觉注意有着更强的引导效力；相对于健听者,形状信息在聋人的工作记忆表征过程中占用了更多的注意资源。第五部分是总体讨论。该部分总结聋人基于工作记忆表征的视觉注意捕获的主要研究结果,基于知觉负载理论、补偿假说等分析并讨论了结果产生的原因,同时系统反思了本研究在样本选择、实验设计及研究方法方面的几点局限,并对未来聋人基于工作记忆的视觉注意研究进行展望,以期能更好的服务于聋人的教学和康复工作。
[Abstract]:In this paper , the influence of different types of working memory characteristics on the visual attention capture of deaf people is investigated based on the visual attention capture study based on the representation of working memory . The aim of this paper is to explore the visual attention characteristics of the deaf people ' s working memory retention period .

This study is divided into five parts :

The first part is a review of the literature review . Firstly , the relationship between working memory and visual selective attention is discussed , and the effect of visual attention capture based on the representation of working memory is introduced in detail .

The second part is the research and design of the problem . This part introduces the research object and design framework from the macroscopic level , and gives a detailed description of the research paradigm .

The third part is to study the influence of non - verbal representation stored in working memory on the visual attention of deaf people .
Experiment 2 examines the effects of graphic feature values on the visual attention of deaf people . It is found that the shape information has more attention resources at the early stage of attention selection , and the capture effect of the color representation is not as obvious as that of the listener when the deaf person in the advanced stage is selected to focus on the visual attention capture reaction based on the characteristic value .
Experiment 3 , as a stimulation material , further investigates the effect of visual stimulation on the visual attention of deaf people under the condition of non - verbal processing , and finds that the attention performance of deaf people under low perceptual load is lower than that of the listener .

The fourth part is to study the influence of speech representation on the visual attention of deaf people on the basis of research . Two series of experiments are designed : Experiment 4 examines the influence of semantic information on the visual attention of deaf people .
The results show that the color information in the speech representation has stronger guidance effect on the visual attention .
Compared with the listener , the shape information occupies more attention resources in the process of characterizing the working memory of the deaf .

The fifth part is the general discussion . This part summarizes the main research results of visual attention capture based on working memory representation of the deaf . Based on the theory of perceptual load , the compensation hypothesis and so on , the causes of the results are discussed . At the same time , some limitations on sample selection , experiment design and research methods are reviewed , and the future of the future deaf people ' s visual attention based on working memory is looked forward in order to better serve the teaching and rehabilitation of the deaf .
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R764.43

【参考文献】